Colorectal cancer lifestyle factors

In summary, the true association between most dietary factors and the risk of colon cancer is unclear. The protective effects of fiber, calcium, and a diet low in fat are not completely known. Lifestyle factors such as NSAID use and hormone use appear to decrease the risk of colorectal cancer, whereas physical inactivity, alcohol use, and smoking appear to increase the risk of colon cancer. Clinical risk factors and genetic mutations are well-known risks for colon cancer. 

Example 2. The Cancer Prevention Cohort Study (CPS II) mortality cohort consists of 1.2 million adults residing in 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Individuals in this cohort completed self-administered questionnaires in 1982 with information on race, diet, exercise, medical history, and other lifestyle factors. Findings on the relationship between colorectal cancer and meat consumption on a subset... 

Multiple factors are associated with the development of colorectal cancer, including acquired and inherited genetic susceptibility, environmental elements, and lifestyle choices. Overall, about 37% of... 

Numerous studies suggest that the development of colorectal cancer can be caused or promoted by dietary or environmental factors that affect the bowel, lifestyle choices, and certain comorbid conditions, in addition to physical and genetic susceptibilities. 

Several lifestyle factors are known to affect colorectal cancer... 

TABLE 1 27—1. Lifestyle Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer Risk... 

Although advanced age is not an absolute contraindication for relatively aggressive therapies, a consideration of the age of the patient, concomitant disease states, lifestyle factors, and the patient s preferences are incorporated into the treatment planning process. Special or emergent conditions, such as bowel perforation, spinal cord compression, and severe pain, anemia, or other symptomatic problems, need to be addressed acutely, after which time a more long-term disease-specific plan can be developed. The treatment approaches for colorectal cancer reflect two primary treatment goals curative therapy for localized disease, and palliative therapy for metastatic cancer. 

Poullis A, Foster R, Shetty A, Fagerhol MK, Mendall MA (2004) Bowel inflammation as measured by fecal calprotectin a link between lifestyle factors and colorectal cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev 13 279-284 Rabier D, Kamoun P (1995) Metabolism of citrulline in man. Amino Acids 9 299-316 Raehal KM, Walker JKL, Bohn LM (2005) Morphine side effects in p-arrestin 2 knockout mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 314(3) 1195-1201... 

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