Collision operator splitting

Because the collision time t is arbitrary and can lead to stiff equations, it is best to solve Eq. (8.96) using operator splitting, i.e. solve first... 

There is one other notational change that will prove useful in the calculations that follow. We may split the reactive collision operators into two parts a part that changes species,... 

Newton, MA). Microfluidization based on patented technology in which a split feed stream flows into an interaction chamber at ultrahigh velocities and pressures (up to 1500 ft and 16,000 psi respectively). The two streams collide head-on and exit the chamber at a right angle to the collision. The force of the collision creates cavitation and shear forces to decrease the particle size. The feed stream was prepared in a manner similar to the coarse emulsion in which the orange oil was blended into the carrier solution with a whisk. The Microfluidizer was operated at a pressure of 11,000 psi and the sample was collected after one pass through the interaction chamber. 

Online intact protein separation was the same as for the Q-TOF LC-MS (above) for consistent protein retention times across platforms. For LC-MS/MS the eluent flow was split to a flow rate of 350 nL/min via the TriVersa NanoMate (Advion BioSci-ences, Ithaca, NY) chip-based nanospray source and analyzed with a LTQ-Oibitrap XL (Thermo Fisher, San Jose, CA) mass spectrometer. The instrument was operated in a top-three data dependent mode, with both MS spectra and collision-induced dissociation (CID) MS/MS spectra acquired at 60,000 resolving power in the Oibi-trap. CID collision energy was operated at 15 %. Each MS spectrum was composed of three microscans, and each MS/MS spectrum was the average of 10 microscans. To facilitate the analysis of intact proteins, the instrument was operated with the HCD gas off and the delay before image current detection shortened to 5 ms. 

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