Coleman Rule

The Coleman Rule called for a continuation of mandated safety belt installation but created a demonstration program to familiarize the public with passive restraints. Contracts were negotiated with four manufacturers for 500,000 cars equipped with passive restraints for model years 1980 and 1981. The rationale for the program was that passive restraints were technologically feasible, could be effective in reducing traffic deaths and injuries and could be produced at a reasonable cost. The rationale for not mandating passive restraints was threefold ... 

With the change in administration incoming Secretary of Transportation Brock Adams abandoned the Coleman Rule on the bases that public acceptance is not part of the traffic safety mandate, passive restraints clearly will be effective in improving traffic safety and the cost of the restramts will be more than offset through savings on insurance premium payments. In June 1977 under the Adams Rule, passive restraints were mandated for standard and luxury cars by the 1982 model year, for intermediate and compact size cars by the 1983 model year, and for subcompact and mini-size cars by the 1984 model year. The Adams Rule survived congressional and judidal review. ... 

Indirectly, implicit user costs do bear on the decisions at NHTSA, but with quite different results. If public resistance to the restraint standard increases with implicit user costs then each of the last three major decisions by NHTSA reflect cognizance of implidt costs. Secretary of Transportation Coleman devised a demonstration program to test and enhance consumer acceptance. Secretary Adams dismissed the Coleman Rule and required passive restraints on the basis that public acceptance does not matter, and Secretary Lewis rescinded the requirement citing potential adverse consumer reaction. Viewed in this light all three secretaries had to deal with implicit costs. Ultimately administrative judgment will be required on passive restraints but explicit incorporation of user costs into benefit-cost analysis is conceptually appropriate. In one sense it is as a measure of public resistance. 

The only operation used for obtaining this partitioning is the anticommutation rule of the fermion operators. Note, that by adding the F and G terms one falls into the unitarily invariant Absar and Coleman partitioning [32,33] which was obtained by using a Group theoretical approach. 

In the polymer prepared at -78°, the R value is nearly one and so almost the only sequence present is SMS. This enables this assignment to be made with confidence. The homopolymer type sequence, —MMM—, can be assigned by reference to the paper of Coleman, et a. ( ) on polychloroprene, to which we have already made reference. The sequences MMS and SMM can be assigned as shown by appealing to chemical shift rules similar to those we have already discussed for polystyrene sulfone ... 

The first of these relationships, eq. 4.2.4, follows from little more than the definitions of rj and t], while eq. 4.2.5 is less obvious (Coleman and Markovitz, 1964). Both relationships are of limited usefulness because they are relevant only for low shear rate properties. However, an empirical relationship, called the Cox-Merz rule, often holds fairly well at high shear rates. This rule states that the shear rate dependence of the steady state viscosity ij is equal to the frequency dependence of the linear viscoelastic viscosity ri that is. 

Weaver calculated the open circuit potentials of these and other possible reactions that might occur under open circuit conditions, finding agreement between measured potentials and the potentials calculated from thermodynamic tables (Weaver et al, 1979). Hemmes and Cassir (2004) recalculated the cell open circuit potentials. They determined the equilibrium concentrations and electrode potentials in a system comprised of carbon, carbonate, CO2, CO, O ", and electrons, using the phase rule modified for electrochemical systems by Coleman and White (1996). Hemmes expressed the half-cell potentials of the anode reactions (3) and (4) referenced to an idealized cathode reaction (unit oxygen and CO2 partial pressures) ... 

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