Cole studies

In 1932, A. A. Levine and A. G. Cole studied the ozonolysis of o-xylene and isolated three products glyoxal, 2,3-butanedione, and pyruvaldehvde ... 

A promising general method for preparing B-homo-19-norsteroids has been reported by Tadanier and Cole in a study of the horaallylic rearrangements of 19-substituted-A -steroids. The ready availability of 19-hydroxy-A -steroids cf. ehapter 12) makes this approach particularly attractive. 

A more recent paper by Rycroft and Cole (2001) described a study of Plagiochila rutilans Lindenb. From Bolivia, Brazil, and Costa Rica (all freshly collected) and Cuba and Ecuador (dried specimens). Material from Cuba had been described by Huneck et al. (1984) to contain, among other compounds, l-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylbut-2-ene. In the recent paper, Rycroft and Cole present evidence that the correct structure of the compound is l-(2,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylbut-2-ene, which can also be called 2-methoxy-6-prenylhydroquinone. The corresponding quinone was also observed as a minor constituent. 

Cole, W. F. Demediuk, T. (1955). X-ray, thermal and dehydration studies on magnesium oxychlorides. Australian Journal of Chemistry, 8, 234-51. 

Coles, B., Wilson, I. and Wardman, P. (1988). The spontaneous and enzymatic reaction of N-acetyl-/>-benzoquinone imine with glutathione, a stopped flow kinetic study. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 264, 253-260. 

P. J. Robinson, J. T. Walker, C. W. Keevil, and J. Cole, Reporter genes and fluorescent-probes for studying the colonisation of biofilms in a drinking-water supply line by enteric bacteria. FEMS Microbiol. 729 183 (1995). 

Glashow, Sheldon L. From alchemy to quarks the study of physics as a liberal art. Pacific Grove (CA) Brooks/Cole Pub, 1994. xxvi, 692 p. ISBN 0534166563... 

Kennedy, S.J., Brown P.J. and Coles, B.R. (1993) A polarised neutron study ofthe magnetic form factors in CeFe2, J. Phys. Cond. Mat., 5(29), 5169-5178. 

The authors wish to thank C. Cole and E. Hadziioannou of IBM for the GPC and thermal analyses, respectively. Similarly, we acknowledge the contributions of D. Le Vergne and D. Hofer (IBM) in the analyses of the results from the y-radiolysis studies. R. D. Miller also gratefully acknowledges the partial financial support of the Office of Naval Research. 

Cole, R., 1960, A Photographic Study of Pool Boiling in the Region of the Critical Heat Flux, AIChE J. 6 533. (2)... 

Specular reflection IR spectroscopy has been used by Cole and coworkers to study the orientation and structure in PET films [36,37]. It has allowed characterizing directly very highly absorbing bands in thick samples, in particular the carbonyl band that can show saturation in transmission spectra for thickness as low as 2 pm. The orientation of different conformers could be determined independently. Specular reflection is normally limited to uniaxial samples because the near-normal incident light does not allow measuring Ay. However, it was shown that the orientation parameter along the ND can be indirectly determined for PET by using the ratio of specifically selected bands [38]. This approach was applied to the study of biaxially oriented PET bottles [39]. 

Further studies were carried out mainly with glycine, since here the group R is simply hydrogen, so that no side reactions take place. In addition, glycine does not have an asymmetric carbon atom, so that chirality problems cannot occur (see Sect. 9.4). Steinman and Cole (1967) used dicyandiamide as a condensa-tion/dehydration agent a dipeptide was formed in about 1.2% yield. 

V. R. Parameswaran and R. J. Arsenault, Dislocation Mobility Studies in Crystals— Four Decades in Retrospect, in The Johannes Weertman Symposium, Edited by R. J. Arsenault, D. Cole, T. Gross, G. Kostorz, P. K. Liaw, S. Parameswaran, and H. Sizek,The Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, USA (1996). 

Reichardt, P.B., Chadwick, B.L., Cole, M.A., Robertson, B.R., Button, D.K. (1981) Kinetic study of biodegradation of biphenyl and its monochlorinated analogues by a mixed marine microbial community. Environ. Sci. Technol. 15, 75-79. 

We know, however, that isotope exchange in nature tends to be a slow process, especially at low temperature (e.g., O Neil, 1987). This knowledge comes from experimental study (e.g., Cole and Ohmoto, 1986) as well as from the simple observation that, unless they have reacted together, groundwaters and minerals are... 

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