Cognitive phenotypes

Kalueff, A. V.and Murphy, D. L. (2007) The Importance of cognitive phenotypes in experimental modeling of animal anxiety and depression. Neural Plasticity 2007, 1-7. 

Evaluation of cognitive phenotypes of mouse models of neurodegeneration. These testing paradigms represent some of the most commonly used tests employed in behavioral evaluation of mouse models of neurodegenerative disease (Reprinted from (70) with permission)... 

Egan MF, Goldberg TE. 2003. Intermediate cognitive phenotypes associated with schizophrenia. Methods Mol Med 77 ... 

Charman T, Jones CRG, Pickles A, Simonoff E, Baird G, Happe F. Defining the cognitive phenotype of autism. Brain Res. 2011 1380 10-21. 

The ACE-related biochemical and hemodynamic phenotypes have been studied in patients with AD (12,20). ACE-I/I patients tend to be younger than ACE-I/D or ACE-D/D patients at the time of diagnosis and also show more severe cognitive deterioration. Serum APOE, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, NO, histamine, and ACE levels are higher in ACE-I/I carriers than in patients with the other genotypes in contrast, serum TG and VLDL levels are notably lower in ACE-I/I patients compared to patients harboring the ACE-I/D or... 

Since the cognitive decline and region-specific neuronal loss are central to neurodegenerative diseases, the model of a disease should recapitulate accurately these facets of the clinical phenotype. 

Apart from the BD and SZ diagnoses, the human phenotypes associated with G72/G30 are not well delineated. Goldberg et al. (2006) found that G72 SNPs increased risk of cognitive impairment in SZ. 

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