Coefficient of absorption

During heat dissipation by radiation the colour and condition of the surface plays a similar role. Dark-coloured bodies dissipate more heat than the light-coloured ones. The amount of heat absorption and emission for the same body may therefore be assumed to be almost the same. Accordingly, Table 31.1, for selected colours, may be considered for the coefficients of absorption and emission of heat due to solar radiation and natural radiation respectively. 

Fig. 4. Dependence on filler concentration (

If the area of the tower is 1.85 m2 and the overall coefficient of absorption for these conditions K la is 0.19 kmol S02/sm3 (kmol of S02/kmol H20), what is the height of the column required ... 

The coefficient of absorption is that volume of gas (reduced to o and 760 mm.) which unit volume of a liquid will take up when the pressure of the gras at the surface of the liquid, independent of the vapour pressure of the liquid, is 760 mm. 

Einstein coefficient of absorption for the pump wavelength calculated as B 531 In(lO) / where c is the velocity of light and is Avogadro s number. Other details of the modeling may be found in reference 3. 

The Hg photosensitized (at 2537 A) decompn of gaseous HNS at press from 0.3 to 20 mm is reported to parallel closely its photochem decompn (Ref 97). The variation of absorption as a function of press and the influence of other gases are given by Verdier (Ref 121) mol coefficients of absorption by Bonnemay Verdier(Ref 129a),and fluorescence of the HNS mol by Gaviola Wood (Ref 73)... 

Now we can introduce the energy density p (v m) to transform this result into the Einstein coefficient of absorption, viz. the probability that the molecule (or atom) will absorb a quantum in unit time under unit radiation density. The probability of absorption in the Einstein expression is given by B m p (v m). Under the influence of the radiation polarized In x-directions, the relationship between the field strength E in x-direction and the radiation density is deduced as follows ... 

Figure 3.3a). The total area under the curve gives the integrated absorption intensity, J ej [Pg.63]

The refractive index of vanadium is 3-03, the coefficient of absorption 8-51, and the reflexion capacity 57-5 per cent, for yellow light of wave-length A=5790.23 Vanadium compounds do not impart any coloration to the ordinary Bunsen flame, and do not furnish any characteristic line spectra even in the oxyacetylene flame. The flame produced between carbon electrodes consists of a reddish-purple core with a yellowish-green shell and a red edge.28... 

Optical Properties.—The refractive index of tantalum is 2-05, the coefficient of absorption 2-31, and the reflexion capacity 43-8 per cent, when measured with yellow light of wave-length A=5790.5 The spectral emissivity and the radiation intensity and their variation with temperature have been measured by Worthing.6 For a comparison of the radiation constants of tantalum, platinum, osmium and carbon, see the references cited.7 The flame spectrum of tantalum between carbon electrodes consists of a blue cone with a reddish-yellow edge.8... 

This is the coefficient of absorption rather than the absorption cross-section that is usually measured in the experiments. These two quantities are related by the equation... 

Table 2 Wavelengths of Maximum Absorption (Amax) and Molar Coefficient of Absorption (e) of Aflatoxins...

To test a dye, dyed test specimen from both the sample dye and the standard are compared under conditions that are as identical as possible and assessed visually or colorimetrically and then calculated in relative terms to the standard. A widely used method to calculate color strength is a determination based on the weighted sum of the K/S values (K is the coefficient of absorption, S the coefficient of scatter), which is used in standard specifications [21],... 

It is true that in the case of a broadband photoelectric detector, there will be more electrons released per micron interval if the excitation source is tailored so as to provide a constant amount of energy per micron interval. However, this does not have any effect on the coefficient of absorption the effect is on the number of quanta actually passing through the system. In this respect, the output signal is a function of the number of quanta absorbed per unit spectral bandwidth. Most plots of this signal output should employ a stimulus containing equal number of photons per spectral interval. 

The photoreceptors of vision are not broadband detectors in the normal sense. They are sensitive to a range of considerably less than 2 1 compared to many metallic semiconductors and many radio antenna systems which are sensitive to ranges of 10 1 to 20 1 or more. Even in these systems, the definition of quality is usually taken as the coefficient of absorption as a function of wavelength (which is usually independent of the number of quanta incident), not how many quanta are absorbed per unit wavelength. 

As this work progresses, it will be shown that the photoreceptor system incorporated within the photoreceptor cell includes a sensitivity control mechanism which is a function of the total number of incident particles per unit time (See Chapter 12 and Appendix A). Because of this mechanism, the investigator has the option, mathematically, of considering the absorption coefficient to be constant with regard to the input excitation or to regroup the terms in the equations so as to define a coefficient of absorption which is a function of the total input irradiance over the absorption band of the material. This situation is of little importance except in the case of absorption measurements in the... 

The Einstein coefficient of absorption of radiation for the longitudinal (along the z axis) and the transverse (perpendicular to the z axis) electromagnetic fields can be obtained from these matrix elements and are given by... 

The decrease of molar extinction coefficients of absorption bands in the polarized spectra of piemontites with increasing Mn3+ ion contents ( 4.4.2), which is contrary to the Beer-Lambert law, eq. (3.7), indicates that Mn3+ ions are not located entirely in one site of the epidote structure ( 4.4.2.1). Most of the man-... 

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