Coefficient negative

As shown by equation 2.11, known as the Kirchhofif equation, the standard reaction heat capacity (ArC°) is the difference between the standard heat capacities of the products and reactants (recall that v are the stoichiometry coefficients—negative for the reactants and positive for the products) ... 

We see that some lines have a large increase in frequency when a increases (e.g. lines with large positive qi coefficients - positive shifters - like Fell and Znll), some lines have a large decrease in frequency (e.g. lines with large negative qi coefficients - negative shifters - like Cm) and there are anchor lines which are not sensitive to a variation of a (e.g. lines with small qi like Mgl, Mgll, Alii, Aim, Sin). 

The core and fuel are designed to eliminate the need for refuelling during approximately thirty years and to make all reactivity temperature coefficients negative. Metal fuel, which has an excellent thermal conductivity, is applied. The core is shaped as a cylinder its main dimensions are given in Table XIV-6. The core can be operated during thirty years by axially... 

Since the system is closed, the changes in Nk are due to chemical reaction, so we have dNk = kd in which no v are stoichiometric coefficients (negative for... 

Here v are stoichiometric coefficients, negative for reactants and positive for products. 

Reaction temperature coefficient Negative Positive Positive... 

Negative fuel and coolant temperature reactivity coefficients, negative reactivity coefficient on coolant specific volume, as well as negative steam and integral power reactivity coefficients. 

Negative power reactivity coefficient Maintaining the core power reactivity coefficients negative during all modes of plant operation is crucial for the overall plant safety. 

Reactor Control Isothermal temperature coefficient Negative (see Fig. 5.3)... 

Fertile material and the burnable poisons make the fuel temperature coefficient negative, thus making the reactor inherently safe. The primary SDS consists of a set of six tantalum alloy shut-off rods, which fall by gravity in the six coolant channels in the first ring. Twelve control rods, made of tantalum alloy, are located in the next ring. 

The KALIMER design highly emphasizes inherent safety, which maintains the core power reactivity coefficient negative during all modes of plant status and under accidental conditions as well. The reactivity feedback mechanisms consist of Doppler, thermal expansion of the fuel and coolant, thermal bowing of the core, thermal expansion of the core structure and core support structure, and thermal expansion of the control rod driveline. These effects result from either the physics laws, or both the physics laws and core design. 

Positive watCT density reactivity coefficient (negative void reactivity coefficient)... 

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