Codes and Design Procedures

ACI Committee 355 published the State-of-the-Art Report on Anchorage to Concrete in 1991. This was the first of a two-volume set whieh emphasized behavior and did not include design methods and procedures. In 2000, ACI Committee 355 published the ACI Provisional Standard, Qualification of Post-Installed Mechanical Anchors in Concrete (ACI 355.2-00) and Commentary (ACI 355.2R-00). This document prescribed testing programs and evaluation requirements for post-installed mechanical anchors intended for use in concrete rmder the design provisions of ACI 318/318R-02. It was designated an ACI Standard in 2001 and has since been updated twice, most recently in 2007. 

ACI Committee 318 first approved the inclusion of Appendix D - Anchoring to Concrete in ACI 318/318R-02. It provided strength design requirements for anchorage to concrete that consider several potential failure modes such as steel strength, concrete breakout, anchor puUout, side-face blowout, and anchor pryout (shear) in accordance with the CCD Method. ACI 318-08 includes the following important enhancements to Appendix D  

Note This document was developed using codes that were in farce in 2010. After the document was completed, and during the peer review process, ACI 318-11 was issued. This revision had changes in both the adhesion of adhesive anchors and the seismic provisions. The committee elected not to try to implement these changes into this document. Thus, engineers involved with adhesive anchors or the seismic design of anchors should review ACI 318-11 to ensure that they are complying with that code. 

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Write a report on a significant and well-publicized engineering failure. Discuss any lessons that were learned, and describe any changes in engineering codes and design procedures that resulted from that failure. For ideas, consult Reference 15. 

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