Cocaine cross-tolerance

Byrd GD, Davis RA, Caldwell WS, Robinson JH, deBethizy JD (1998) A further study of FTC yield and nicotine absorption in smokers. Psychopharmacology 139 291-299 Chaudhri N, Caggiula AR, Donny EC, Palmatier MI, Liu X, Sved AF (2006) Complex interactions between nicotine and nonpharmacological stimuli reveal multiple roles for nicotine in reinforcement. Psychopharmacology 184 353-366 Cone EJ (1995) Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cocaine, J Analy Toxicol 19 459 78 Desai RI, Terry P (2003) Evidence of cross-tolerance between behavioural effects of nicotine and cocaine in mice. Psychopharmacology 166 111-119 Desai RI, Barber DJ, Terry P (1999) Asymmetric generalization between the discriminative stimulus effects of nicotine and cocaine, Behav Pharmacol 10 647-656... 

The psychomotor stimulants, cocaine and D-amphetamine, are considered together because they share a similar psychopharmacological profile.19 20 Low to moderate doses of both drugs given acutely to nontolerant, nonanxious subjects produce increases in positive mood (euphoria), energy, and alertness. Experienced cocaine users were unable to distinguish between intravenous (IV) cocaine and D-amphetamine,21 and cross-tolerance between cocaine and D-amphetamine with respect to their anorectic effect has been demonstrated.22 Additionally, the toxic psychosis observed after days or weeks of continued use of both psychostimulants is very similar. The fully developed toxic syndrome, characterized by vivid auditory and visual hallucinations, paranoid delusions, and... 

Depressant drugs may show cross-tolerance with cocaine. 

Presynaptic tryptamine receptors are selectively blocked by (—)-cocaine and (+)-cocaine. The tolerance and cross-tolerance to cocaine and J-amphetamine on milk intake of rats was determined. Hydrolysis of [ C]cocaine in human serum has been monitored by t.l.c. and g.l.c. after 1 hour (20% of the cocaine hydrolysed), ecgonine methyl ester was the major product it had not hitherto been observed in humans. After 4 hours (67% hydrolysis), benzoylecgonine and ecgonine (1.6 to 1) were found ti was 2.5 hours in human serum. ... 

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