Cobalt-phthalocyanine films

Electropolymerized cobalt phthalocyanine films showed an electro catalytic activity that allowed the electrochemical detection of 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in urine samples with a detection limit of 7 pmol without any sample preparation... 

An aluminum electrode modified by a chemically deposited palladium pen-tacyanonitrosylferrate film was reported in [33]. Vitreous carbon electrode modified with cobalt phthalocyanine was used in [34]. Electrocatalytic activity of nanos-tructured polymeric tetraruthenated porphyrin film was studied in [35]. Codeposition of Pt nanoparticles and Fe(III) species on glassy-carbon electrode resulted in significant catalytic activity in nitrite oxidation [36]. It was shown that the pho-tocatalytic oxidation at a Ti02/Ti film electrode can be electrochemically promoted [37]. 

Large numbers of functionalized LB films have been prepared. Highly ordered LB films have been formed by the inclusion of surface-active cobaltous phthalocyanine [168] amphiphilic TCNQ was assembled to function as conducting LB films [169] liquid-crystalline LB films, potentially capable of undergoing thermotropic or lyotropic phase transitions [170, 171], have also been generated. Spacer groups introduced into polymeric surfactants (23) helped to stabilize the LB films which they formed by decoupling the motion of pendant polymers (see Fig. 13) [172]. 

Figure J0.4 3D-UV-visible Differential Reflectance Spectra recorded in 0,5 M H2SO4 of a PAni film (0,5 pm thickness) deposited on a gold electrode (a), and of a PAni film containing tetrasulphonated cobalt phthalocyanine (b). Potential limits Er = — 0.1 V/RHE and Ea = 0.9 V/RHE v = 2 mV s T = 20 C. (Reprinted with permission from ref. 146)...

Valkova L., Borovkov N., Koifman O., Kutepov A., Berzina T., Fontana M., Rella R., and Valli L., Sorption of amines by the Langmuir-Blodgett films of soluble cobalt phthalocyanines Evidence for the supramolecular mechanisms. Biosens. Bioelectron., 20, 1177-1184, 2004. 

Li, X., S. Zhang, and C. Sun (2003). Frabrication of a covalently attached multiplayer film electrode containing cobalt phthalocyanine and its electrocatalytic oxidation of hydrazine. J. Electroanal. Chem. 553,139-145. 

Sun, C., Y. Sun, Z. Zhang, D. Jiang, Q. Gao, H. Xu, and J. Shen(1996). Fabrication of a multiplayer film containing cobalt phthalocyanine on the surface of a gold electrode based on electrostatic interaction and its application as an amperometric sensor of hydrazine. Thin Solid Films 2SS l-2), 291-295. 

Jiang, R. and S. Dong (1988). Research on chemically modified electrodes—catalytic reduction of dioxygen at a cobalt phthalocyanine-doped polyanihne film electrode. J. Electroanal Chem. 246, 101-117. 

Bottger, B., U. Schindewolf, J.L. Avila, and R. Rodrfguez-Amaro (1997). Catalytic electrodeposition of silver on glassy carbon electrodes modified with films of cobalt phthalocyanine. J. Electroanal. Chem. 432, 139-144. 

Experiments have shown that other types of gas sensors can also use mesoporous silicas as the sensing layer. For example, selective sensing of nitric oxide has been accomplished in the presence of carbon monoxide through the application of quartz crystal microbalance technology employing a cobalt phthalocyanine-modified sol-gel thin film (Palaniappan et al. 2006,2008). Electrochemical detection of nitrite has been accomplished using a metalloporphyrin-modified silicate material... 

Vukusic PS, Sambles JR. Cobalt phthalocyanine as a basis for the optical sensing of nitrogen dioxide using surface plasmon resonance. Thin Solid Films 1992 221 311-317. 

In order to decrease the overpotential for cysteine oxidation in cysteine-containing peptides, graphite-epoxy resin or carbon paste electrodes with immobilized cobalt phthalocyanine have been employed in HPLC systems [53,87-89]. Glassy carbon electrodes modified with a mixed-valence ruthenium(I V,III) oxide film stabilized by cyano cross-links [61,62], indium ferricyanide [63], or a Prussian blue film [64], and a bismuth(V)-doped lead dioxide Pb02 film on gold [65] have also been used for detection following HPLC separation. In addition, a carbon fiber modified with a nfixed-valence ruthenium(IV,III) oxide film stabilized by cyano cross-links has been used in CE [46]. 

Automated methods based on MN4 macrocyclic compounds have been developed for electroanalytical applications. Sun et al. [130] produced a multilayer film containing cobalt phthalocyanine that was assembled on the surface of a quartz slide and gold electrode by alternating deposition of water-soluble cobalt phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate (CoTsPc) and a bipolar pyridine salt (PyCfBPCoay). The electrode modified with the multilayered film showed an excellent electro-catalytic response for the oxidation of hydrazine. Hydrazine was detected by flow... 

Yin H, Zhou Y, Xu J, Ai S, Cui L, Zhu L (2010) Amperometric biosensOT based on tyrosinase immobilized onto multiwalled carbon nanotubes-cobalt phthalocyanine-siUc fibroin film and its application to determine bisphenol A. Anal Chim Acta 659 144—150... 

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