Cobalt exposure

Cobalt compounds can be classified as relatively nontoxic (33). There have been few health problems associated with workplace exposure to cobalt. The primary workplace problems from cobalt exposure are fibrosis, also known as hard metal disease (34,35), asthma, and dermatitis (36). Finely powdered cobalt can cause siUcosis. There is Htfle evidence to suggest that cobalt is a carcinogen in animals and no epidemiological evidence of carcinogenesis in humans. The LD q (rat) for cobalt powder is 1500 mg/kg. The oral LD q (rat) for cobalt(II) acetate, chloride, nitrate, oxide, and sulfate are 194, 133, 198, 1700, 5000, and 279 mg/kg, respectively the intraperitoneal LD q (rat) for cobalt(III) oxide is 5000 mg/kg (37). 

Jensen AA, Tuchsen F Cobalt exposure and cancer risk. CRC Rev Toxicol 20 427M-37, 1990... 

Titania-supported cobalt Exposure to ethane and 02 (for ODH) at 823 K State of cobalt DR/PM Brik et al. (2001)... 

Eaeborik M and Dusek J (1972) Cardiomyopathy accompanying industrial cobalt exposure. Br Heart J 34 113-116. 

Cobalt is a brittle, hard metal, resembling iron and nickel in appearance. It has a metallic permeability of about two-thirds that of iron. The transformation is slnggish and accounts in part for the wide variation in reported data on physical properties of cobalt. Exposure to cobalt (metal fumes and dust) should be limited to 0.05 mg/m (8-hour time-weighted average in a 40-hour week). 

Respiratory Between 1967 and 2003, 22 cases of asthma were diagnosed in a cobalt plant [48 ]. The incidence was highest in the departments with the highest cobalt exposures and all were in departments in which irritant gases were present in the ambient air in addition to cobalt. 

Kumagai S, Kusaka Y, Goto S (1996) Cobalt exposure level and variability in the hard metal industry of Japan. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 57 365-369... 

Sprince NL, Oliver LC, Eisen EA, Greene RE, Chamberlin RI (1988) Cobalt exposure and lung disease in tungsten carbide production. A cross-sectional study of current workers. Am Rev Respir Dis 138 1220-1226... 

Stebbins AI, Horstman SW, Daniell WE, Atallah R (1992) Cobalt exposure in a carbide tip grinding process. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 53 186-92... 

Hamann D, Hamatm C, Li LF, Xiang H, Hamann K, Maibach H, et al. The sino-american belt study nickel and cobalt exposure, epidemiology, and clinical considerations. Dermatitis 2012 23(3) 117-23. 

Stimulation of erythropoietin gene transcription during hypwxia and cobalt exposure. Blood, Vol. 73, No. 1, pp. 13-16, ISSN 0006-4971. 

Migliori M, Mosconi G, Michetti G et al (1994) Hard metal disease eight workers with interstitial lung fibrosis due to cobalt exposure. Sci Total Environ 150 187-196... 

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