Coating Multicomponent

Multicomponent spray coating. Multicomponent spray coating equipment (30 to 70% TE) is used for applying fast-curing coating system components simultaneously. Since they can be either hydraulic or air-atomizing, their transfer efficiencies vary from low to medium. They have two or more sets of supply and metering pumps to transport components to a common spray head. 

S. Lyakhovich, ed.. Multicomponent Diffusion Coatings, Oxonian Press Pvt., New Delhi, India, 1987. 

The Tj-carbides are not specifically synthesized, but are of technical importance, occurring in alloy steels, stelUtes, or as embrittling phases in cemented carbides. Other complex carbides in the form of precipitates may form in multicomponent alloys or in high temperature reactor fuels by reaction between the fission products and the moderator graphite, ie, pyrographite-coated fuel kernels. 

Averitt, R.D., Sarkar, D. and Halas, N.J. (1997) Plasmon resonance shifts of Au-coated AU2S nanoshells Insight into multicomponent nanopartide growth. Physical Review Letters, 78, 4217-4220. 

Bioluminescence can be used for spedfic detection of separated bioactive compounds on layers (BioTLC) [46]. After development and drying the mobile phase by evaporation, the layer is coated with microorganisms by immersion of the plate. Single bioactive substances in multicomponent samples are located as zones of differing luminescence. The choice of the luminescent cells determines the specificity of detection. A specific example is the use of the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri with the BioTLC format. The bioluminescence of the bacteria cells on the layer is reduced by toxic substances, which are detected as dark zones on a fluorescent background. BioTLC kits are available from ChromaDex, Inc. (Santa Ana, CA). 

Antonenko et al. [540] considered pH gradients forming in the UWL under bulk solution iso-pH conditions. They elegantly expanded on the buffer effect model and made it more general by considering multicomponent buffer mixtures. Direct measurements of the pH gradients (using wire-coated micro-pH electrodes) near the membrane-water interface were described. 

Free-radical multicomponent copolymerization of dialkylstannyl maleates or dialkylstannyl dimethacrylates with methallyl alcohol (or (J-hydroxyalkyl acrylates) and vinyl monomers (sryrene, methacrylic acid or methacrylamide) yields polymeric powders. Due to their storage and thermal stability and impact strength they are used as protective coatings 79). 

Steps 5 and 6 involved the characterization and optimization of multicomponent capsules based on blends containing up to four polyelectrolytes, often in the presence of a gelling agent or surface coating. While these results are part of the overall objective of this project, they are beyond the scope of this paper and will be reported elsewhere [61,62]. 

Solution chemistry remains attractive as an inexpensive technique useful for processing ceramics, fibers or coatings, even on a large scale not possible with evaporation techniques. However, the application of these solution techniques to multicomponent systems has rarely been attempted. A better basic understanding of all reaction steps from the solution to the ceramic is needed before a real improvement in the process will be possible. 

When multicomponent alkoxide solutions, or a single alkoxide and a soluble inorganic salt, are mixed, a multicomponent alkoxide may result. In this way, such complex oxides such as the YBCO superconductor (cf. Section 6.1.2.4) can be formed. Sol-gel processing can also be used to coat fibers for composites and to form ceramics with very fine pore sizes called xerogels. A xerogel commonly contains 50-70% porosity, a pore size of 1-50 nm, and a specific surface area exceeding 100 m /g. 

The type (e.g., liquid, solid, powder, gel, syrup, emulsion, granule) and range of food samples (raw ingredients to final products) for water activity measurement are immense. The amount of sample required for measurement is typically 5 to 10 ml. A homogeneous and representative sample should be prepared and placed into the sample cup. For the majority of samples, no preparation is necessary the sample is simply placed into the cup. Multicomponent (e.g., muffin with raisins or pizza) and coated samples (e.g., breaded foods or chocolate-covered bar) may have to be sliced, crushed, or ground in order to obtain a representative sample. If sample preparation is necessary, then a consistent technique must be used with each sample to ensure reproducible results. 

Figure 1. Simple (a) and more complex (b) stack designs for solar transmitters, reflectors, or thin film PV cells showing the multilayer, multiphase, and multicomponent contributions to S/S and S/G interfaces. G is a grid and AR an antireflection coating in the PV cells.

SELF-HEALING MULTICOMPONENT COATINGS WITH pH-TRIGGERED INHIBITOR RELEASE... 

Self-Healing Multicomponent Coatings with pH-Triggered Inhibitor Release 643... 

---