Coating curves

Coating Characteristics Figure 1 is a typical coating curve for Dupont PI25 5 and Hitachi PIQ resins. The materials have approximately the same viscosity and percent solids and the film thickness are, within experimental limits, indistinguishable. 

Figure 1. Polyimide coating curves. Key O, Hitachi PIQ, 1100 cps and , DuPont PI2545,1200 cps.

Figure 13. Differential energies of adsorption of nitrogen at 77 K plotted against nitrogen surface coverage. The outgassing temperature is indicated for each set of curves. Adsorbents were titania (curve A), titania with 0.6 wt %DS silica coating (curve B), and titania with 2.6 wt %DS silica coating (curve C).

The cyclic strength of unprotected samples drops abruptly in the harsh medium (curve 1). The number of loading cycles preceding failure of the samples with PE coatings (curve 2) reduces by not more than 35%. The samples with inhibited coatings turned out to be even less well protected (curves 3-5). They are characterized by three sections on curve N t). 

Chen, W., R. B. Rakhi, and H. N. Alshareef. 2013. Capacitance enhancement of polyaniline coated curved-graphene supercapacitors in a redox-active electrolyte. Nanoscale 5 4134-4138. 

Fig. 8. Coating curves of SiOa particles with an egg lecithin or with an arabinate film. Ordinates logarithm of the CaClg or Co(NH3)5Cl3 reversal of charge concentration in equiv. per 1. Abscissae logarithm of the sol concentration in % (thus 0 = 1% —1 = 0.1%, —2 — 0.01% etc.). Left hand graph.

The CaCl2 reversal of charge concentrations are taken from Fig. 7 (intersections of the U — log C curves with the level U = 0). Since the reversal of charge concentration of the completely naked SiOg particles lies at a much higher concentration, the coating curve here falls from the upper dotted level to the lower dotted level on increase of the sol concentration. 

According to data from a graph similar to that of Fig. 7 but in which the displacement of the U—log C curves on increase of the sol concentration is just the opposite. This is a consequence of the reversal of charge concentration of completely naked SiOa particles lying at a much lower concentration of the Co(NH3)eCl3 than that of the particles coated with arabinate. Consequently the coating curve here rises on increase of the sol concentration from the lower dotted level to the upper dotted level. 

Ordinates electrophoretic velocity of Si02 particles suspended in the 0.06% sol, expressed in arbitrarily chosen units. Since it follows from experimental observed coating curves at both pH — 2 and pH = 11 that the clupein film on SiOg particles is already complete from 0.006% clupein onwards, the chosen sol concentration signifies an at least 10 fold margin of safety. 

Figure 9.4 DTA plots of silicone sol-gel films with or without incorporated microcapsules [1 ]. Curve 1 traditional silicone sol-gel coating. Curve 2 silicone sol-gel composite coating containing organosilicone and ZrOj...

Alternatively, a PP copolymer layer can be applied to the epoxy-primed, induction-heated joint by means of flame powder spray guns and thus built up to the required layer thickness. The flame powder spray gun technology is also used to coat curved sections of pipeline and fittings. 

As it is shown in Fig.3 coincidence of curves is rather good. A calculated curve shows a clearly defined defect in on internal coating of a kiln. 

Fig. VI-6. The force between two crossed cylinders coated with mica and carrying adsorbed bilayers of phosphatidylcholine lipids at 22°C. The solid symbols are for 1.2 mM salt while the open circles are for 10.9 roM salt. The solid curves are the DLVO theoretical calculations. The inset shows the effect of the van der Waals force at small separations the Hamaker constant is estimated from this to be 7 1 x 10 erg. In the absence of salt there is no double-layer force and the adhesive force is -1.0 mN/m. (From Ref. 66.)...

Rehbinder and co-workers were pioneers in the study of environmental effects on the strength of solids [144], As discussed by Frumkin and others [143-145], the measured hardness of a metal immersed in an electrolyte solution varies with applied potential in the manner of an electrocapillary curve (see Section V-7). A dramatic demonstration of this so-called Rehbinder effect is the easy deformation of single crystals of tin and of zinc if the surface is coated with an oleic acid monolayer [144]. 

Fig. 2. Curves 1, 2, and 3 show the spectral radiance factor for equivalent coatings of separate toluenesulfonamide—melamine—formaldehyde Day-Glo pigments containing 0.5% of a dye, either Alberta Yellow, Rhodamine F5G, or Rhodamine B Extra. Curve 4 is for a bright nonfluorescent red-orange printing ink. The illuminant was Source C. A magnesium oxide-coated block was used as a comparison white.

Because the indentation varies with time, the modulus must be specified for a certain indentation time, eg, a 10-s modulus. The Hertz equation holds only for purely elastic materials. However, it has been appHed to viscoelastic materials, including polymers and coatings, with excellent results (249—256). Indentation hardness vs temperature curves are shown in Figure 40 (249,251). 

In case if coating material consists only of a single element (that is the most typical case) it is not very complicated to calculate the calibration curve for any characteristic line of coating element. This calibration curve sets relation between and coating thickness D. The estimations demonstrate that by means of such approach is possible to make the measurements of the coatings in the range of 10 - 60 micrometers. The calibration curves were calculated for the measurements on the spectrometers SPECTROSCAN MAX-G, and SPECTROSCAN MAX-GV. 

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