Coal liquefaction reaction conditions, research

Much of the recent research in direct coal liquefaction seeks to develop methods for dissolving coal at low reaction severity (defined as temperatures below 350 and pressures of 1000-1500psig). Most of these efforts have been prompted by several incentives that exist for converting coal at milder reaction conditions than those utilized in conventional processes, including ... 

Coal liquefaction research after the second world war focused on moderating reaction conditions in terms of temperature and pressure in order to lower construction costs of the coal liquefaction facility. At present, typical conditions are 150-200 atm and 300-480°C. Moderation was achieved primarily through improvements in catalysts and donor solvents and through... 

---