Coacervation method

Xylans from beech wood, corncobs, and the alkaline steeping liquor of the viscose process have been shown to be applicable as pharmaceutical auxiliaries [3]. Micro- and nanoparticles were prepared by a coacervation method from xylan isolated from corncobs [150]. The process is based on neutralization of an alkaline solution in the presence of surfactant, which was shown to influence both the particle size and morphology. They are aimed at applications in drug delivery systems. 

Qv, X. Y., Zeng, Z. P. Jiang, J. G. (2011). Preparation of lutein microencapsulation by complex coacervation method and its physicochemical properties and stability. Food Hydrocolloids, Vol. 25, 6, (August 2011), pp. (1596-1603), ISSN 0268-005X... 

Gelatin and albumin nanoparticles have been prepared through desolvation of the dissolved macromolecules by either salts (e.g., sodium sulfate or ammonium sulfate) or ethanol [179-182], This is, in principle, similar to a simple coacervation method. The particles can then be insolubilized through cross-linking with an optimum amount of aldehydes. These phase separation methods avoid the use of oils as the external phase. 

Figure 24.5. Principle of complex coacervation method. (Reprinted with permission from...

The coacervation method is one of the earliest microencapsulation techniques, which has been used for various consumer products. This method is based on separation of a solution of hydrophilic polymer(s) into two phases, which are small droplets of a dense polymer-rich phase and a dilute liquid phase. Coacervation can be divided into simple and complex coacervation depending on the number of polymers that are involved in the formation of microparticles. 

MEI method of liposome preparation is similar to the reported ethanol injection method (16, 17), proliposome preparation (17, 18), and coacervation methods (19). The differences... 

In the forementioned laboratories, we started with a new strategy based on phase separation in order to prepare natural particles. Simple or complex coacervation methods involving proteins or protein and polysaccharide mixtures3 were used to create new matrices dedicated to controlled release applications. The colloidal carriers produced were in the micrometre or nanometre size range depending on the substrates or the methods used. Wheat proteins, gliadins, were implicated in simple coacervation to produce nanospheres. Controlled release experiments with model compounds were conducted in order to evaluate... 

Ijichi, K. Yoshizawa, H. Uemura, Y Hatate, Y Kawano, Y. Multilayered gelatin = acacia microcapsules by complex coacervation method. Journal of Chemical Engineering Japan 30,793-798, 1997. 

Okada, J., A. Kusai, and S. Ueda, Factors affecting microencapsulability in simple gelatin coacervation method. J. Microencapsul., 2(3) (1985) 163-173. 

Lazako, J., Popineau, Y., Legrand, J., 2004. Soy glycinin microcapsules by simple coacervation method. Colloid Surf. 37, 1-8. 

The coacervation method has widely been employed for the preparation of microcapsules. This process comprises five basic steps ... 

J. Korus, Microencapsulation of flavours in starch matrix by coacervation method, Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 10/51(1), 17-23 (2001). 

Figure 1.12 Gelatin microcapsules containing a phase-change material prepared by the coacervation method (Courtesy C. Habar, Micro-capsules-Technologies).

UF microcapsules containing orange or rose extracts are reported to be most suitable for nonwoven fabrics due to their open structures [57]. Microcapsules containing perfume prepared by coacervation methods using gelatin and gum arable have been reported to be useful in solid soap composition. The perfume is released when the soap is placed in contact with water during use [58]. 

Chatteijee, S., Salaiin, F., Campagne, C., 2014. Development of multilayer microcapsules by a phase coacervation method based on ionic interactions for textile applications. Pharmaceutics 6, 281—297. 

Korus, J., Microencapsulation of flavors in starch matrix by coacervation method, Polish J. FoodNutr. Sci., 10, 1, p. 17, 2001. 

Keywords— BSA nanoparticle, coacervation method, dynamic light scattering, drug deUvery. 

Lin W, Coombes A, Davies M, Davis S, Ilium L, (1993). Preparation of Sub-100 nm Human Serum Albumin Nanospheres Using a pH-Coacervation Method. Journal of Drug Targeting, 1(3), 237-243. Soppimath K.S, Aminabhavi T.M, Kulkami A.R, Rudzinski W.E. (2001) Biodegradable polymeric nanopaiticles as drug delivery devices. Journal of Controlled Release, 70(1-2), 1-20. 

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