CoA-dependent pathway

Narbad, A. and Gasson, M.J. (1998) Metabolism of ferulic acid via vanillin using a novel CoA-dependent pathway in a newly-isolated strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Microbiology 144, 1397-1404. 

The malonyl-CoA-dependent pathway for chain-elongating fatty acids, as elucidated by Nugteren (31) in 1965 requires four reactions and proceeds as follows ... 

Figure 5.2 Isobutanol production via vaiine pathway and 1-butanol production via CoA-dependent pathway implemented. Common enzyme abbreviations or gene symbols ilvIH, acetolactate synthase ( . coli) aIsS, aceto-lactate synthase (Bacillus subtilis) ilvC, ace-tohydroxy acid isomeroreductase ( . coli) ilvD, dihydroxy acid dehydratase ( . coli) kivd, ketoisovalerate decarboxylase (Lactoccus...

Figure 15.2 1-Butanol production via the CoA-dependent pathway implemented in S. elongatus PCC7942. Gene symbols are accABCD, acetyl-CoA carboxylase nphT7, acetoacetyl-CoA synthase phaB, acetoacetyl-CoA reductase phaJ, R-specific enoyl-CoA...

Figure 4. Acyl CoA dependent pathway of TAG biosynthesis (Kennedy pathway) [69],...

Synthesis of 3-HP from Glycerol Through the CoA-Dependent Pathway... 

The production of 3-HP by various Lactobacillus species (L. strain 208-A, L reuteri, and L collinoides), S. enteric, and Klebsiella pneumoniae relies on a CoA-dependent pathway. Yasuda et al. (2007) showed that resting cells of the mutant strain of L. reuteri lacking glycerol dehydrogenase resulted in the production of 7.2 g/L of PDO... 

Hofiinaim, M. Wagner, M. Abbadi, A. Fulda, M. Feussner I metabolic engineering of omega-3-very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid production by an exclusively acyl-coA-dependent pathway. JBiol Chem 2008,283 22352-22362. 

Butanol has been synthesized in various organisms through different pathways. The CoA-dependent pathway from Clostridium and its variations (Figure 19.1) are the best studied [65]. This pathway is chemically similar to the reversal of P-oxidization [66, 67]. The intrinsic iteration nature of reverse p-oxidization also enables the biosynthesis of longer chain alcohols, for example, -hexanol and n-octonol [66]. The citramalate and threonine pathways fall into the same broad group as the keto-acid pathway (Figure 19.2), which is more commonly utihzed for isobutanol production. 

Within the CoA-dependent pathway, the most difficult step toward -butanol production in a foreign host was the reduction from cronyl-CoA to butyryl-CoA. This step was catalyzed natively in C. acetybutyricum by the enzyme complex Bcd/Etf, which is oxygen-sensitive and requires ferredoxin as an additional redox partner [68] both factors hamper the enzyme activity in heterogeneous hosts. This initial technical difficulty was overcome by substituting Bcd/Etf with trans-enyo -CoA reductase (Ter), an enzyme readily expressed in E. coli and only requires NADH as the source of electron [69, 70]. 

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