Clostridial bacteria strains

Clostridial neurotoxins are proteins that are produced by the anaerobic bacteria Clostridium tetani (tetanus toxin) and Clostridium botulinum (botulinum neurotoxins). Whereas tetanus toxin (TeTx) comprises a single molecular species, different strains of Clostridium botulinum produce seven different types of botulinum neurotoxin (desig-... 

In all clostridial diseases, pathogenesis is attributable to potent exotoxins released by the organism. C. perfringens strains produce numerous toxins over 20 have been described scientifically. For toxicological identification, C. perfringens strains have been divided into five types (A-E) based on the production of four main toxins (alpha, beta, epsilon, and iota), which combine with other toxic substances created by the bacteria to produce 25 different diseases. 

The most important property of the genus Propionibacterium is the production of propionic acid as a result of the propionic acid fermentation dependent on coenzyme B12. If the dependence on coenzyme Bn is disregarded, some clostridial strains that do not form spores may be erroneously attributed as propionibacteria. For example, Cl botulinum, Cl propionicum and some other species can produce propionic acid, but propionibacteria have the GC-type DNA (65-67 mol% G+C in classical and 53-62 mol% in cutaneous bacteria), while clostridial DNA is of the AT-type (25-30 mol% G+C). 

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