Clays pesticide formulations

In conclusion, soil composition (pesticide residue) played an important role in controlling fabric/soll Interactions. Captan, an aqueous suspension of particles, was more difficult to remove In 100% cotton denim. This was attributed to particle size and the clay-llke nature of the materials comprising the pesticide formulation. 

Formulations are designed to maximize product stability and availability to target pests, improve handling and minimize human exposure. Pesticide formulations consist of the active ingredient, carrier (e.g., organic solvent, clay). 

Clays composed of attapulgite, montmorillonite, and kaoHnite are used for pesticides in finely pulverized or granular form. Granular formulations are reportedly less expensive, more easily handled, reduce loss caused by wind drift, and produce a more effective coverage. 

There are three formulations of sulfur used predominantly today. The first is finely ground sulfur mixed with 1 to 5 percent talc or clay to assist in the dusting effectiveness. The sulfur in this form may be used as a carrier for additional pesticides. The second form is colloidal sulfur that is so fine that it must be formulated as a paste to enable it to be mixed with water. The third form is wettable sulfur. In this formulation the sulfur is finely ground with a wetting agent so that it will mix readily with water for spraying. 

The active ingredients in pesticides are generally too potent to be used or marketed in pure form. To formulate pesticides, the active ingredients are sometimes diluted with water or a solvent in other cases they may be mixed with a solid such as sand or clay. One product at a large pesticide... 

El-Nahlal, Y. Undabeytia. T. Polubesova, T. Mishael. Y.G. Nir. S. Rubin, B. Organo-clay formulations of pesticides Reduced leaching and photodegradation. Appl. Clay Sci. 2001, 18. 309-326. 

Formulations applied as sprays include wettable powders, suspension concentrates, emulsifiable concentrates, encapsulated formulations and ultra-low-volume formulations. Wettable powders consist of finely divided pesticide particles combined with a finely ground dry carrier (e.g., synthetic silica, mineral clay) and surfactants (6). When the powder is mixed with water, a stable homogeneous particle suspension is formed. Suspension concentrates are particulate insecticides premixed with a liquid. When sprayed onto porous media, the water in particle suspensions penetrates the medium leaving the insecticide at the surface. On nonporous surfaces, the water evaporates leaving a deposit. 

Uses Film-former for agric. protective films (high tens, str., cohesive str.), seed coatings microencapsulation aid soil conditioner (bonds clay particles into aggregates) dispersant, solubilizer, emulsifier in pesticides thickener in aq. or org. solv. systems for liq. agric. formulations... 

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