Claisen ketene

Intermediate 7, a viable precursor of intermediate 6, possesses a y,<5-unsaturated ester, the structural prerequisite, or retron, for the ortho ester Claisen transform.5 In the synthetic direction, the convergent union of intermediates 9 and 10 could give mixed-ketene acetal 8 the intermediacy of 8 should be brief, for it should readily... 

A prominent structural feature of 21 and its precursor 22 is the trans C16-C17 trisubstituted double bond. The particular relationship between the ethoxycarbonyl function and the A16 17 double bond in 22 is significant because it satisfies the structural prerequisite for the Johnson ortho ester Claisen rearrangement transform.2130 Mixed ketene acetal 23 thus emerges as the immediate... 

The Ireland-Claisen reaction of ( )-vinylsilanes has been applied to the stereoselective synthesis of syn- and c/nti-2-substituted 3-silyl alkcnoic acids. a R-2-Alkyl-3-silyl acids are prepared by rearrangement of ( )-silyl ketene acetals which are generated in situ from the kinetically formed (Z)-enolate of the corresponding propionate ester40. Chelation directs the stereochemistry of enolization of heteroelement-substituted acetates in such a way that the syn-diastereomers are invariably formed on rearrangement403. 

Ireland-Claisen rearrangement of silyl ketene acetals (31)... 

Staudinger observed that the cycloaddition of ketenes with 1,3-dienes afforded cyclobutanones from a formal [2+2] cycloaddition [52] prior to the discovery of the Diels-Alder reaction. The 2+2 cycloadditions were classified into the symmetry-allowed 2+2 cycloaddition reactions [6, 7], It was quite momentous when Machiguchi and Yamabe reported that [4+2] cycloadducts are initial products in the reactions of diphenylketene with cyclic dienes such as cyclopentadiene (Scheme 11) [53, 54], The cyclobutanones arise by a [3, 3]-sigmatropic (Claisen) rearrangement of the initial products. 

The mild reaction conditions and the obviously high potential driving force of the ketene Claisen rearrangement recommended the use of the process for more complex systems. The first series of this type of reaction suffered from severe limitations. On the one hand, only electron-deficient ketenes added to the allylamines, and useful yields of the lactams had exclusively been achieved by employing dichloroketene [57, 58 a]. On the other hand, the rearrangement was restricted to either monosubstituted olefins in the amino fragment or the... 

Ireland-Claisen rearrangement of O-allyl-O -trimethylsilyl ketene acetals... 

The stereoselectivity of silyl ketene acetal Claisen rearrangements can also be controlled by specific intramolecular interactions.246 The enolates of a-alkoxy esters adopt the Z-configuration because of chelation by the alkoxy substituent. 

Entries 10 to 15 involve use of the Ireland-Claisen rearrangement in multistep syntheses. An interesting feature of Entry 11 is the presence of an unprotected ketone. The reaction was done by adding LDA to the ester, which was premixed with TMS-C1 and Et3N. The reaction generates the T-silyl ketene acetal, which rearranges through a chair TS. 

A. Claisen Rerrangements of Ketene Aminats and Imidates. A reaction that is related to the orthoester Claisen rearrangement utilizes an amide acetal, such as dimethylacetamide dimethyl acetal, in the exchange reaction with allylic alcohols.257 The products are y, 8-unsaturated amides. The stereochemistry of the reaction is analogous to the other variants of the Claisen rearrangement.258... 

The ester 7-1 gives alternative stereoisomers when subjected to Claisen rearrangement as the lithium enolate or as the silyl ketene acetal. Analyze the respective transition structures and develop a rationale to explain these results. 

Claisen-type rearrangements of ester enolates, ketene acetals, and silyl ketene acetals... 

Scheme 2.153. Yb(OTF)3-promoted domino ketene addition/acyl-Claisen rearrangement.

A methylenation of cyclic carbonates such as 6/4-132 using dimethyltitanocene to give a ketene acetal, followed by a subsequent Claisen rearrangement, allowed the synthesis of medium-ring lactones such as 6/4-133 in good yields these are otherwise difficult to obtain. In this transformation, 6/4-133 is formed as a l l-mix-ture of the two atropisomers 6/4-133a and 6/4-133b (Scheme 6/4.33). The substrate... 

Claisen rearrangement. As for the mechanism, the reaction begins with intramolecular cyclopropanation the resulting bicyclo[2.1.0]pentan-2-one then undergoes fragmentation to a p,y-unsaturated ketene which finally is trapped by the added alcohol to afford a p,y-unsaturated ester (Scheme 41). The intermediates could be observed in selected cases. 

Z)-.S -Allylic ketene aminothioacetals underwent thio-Claisen rearrangement at room temperature to give iVjV-dimethyl /1-hydroxy a-allylic thioamides96. /3-I Iydroxy-/V,/V,-dimethylthioamides were deprotonated with LDA to afford a chelated dianion with Z-configuration. Alkylation of this dianion gave the corresponding Z a-hydroxy S-allylic... 

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