Cistus creticus

The conifers are an important source of diterpenoids. Several labdanes have been detected in the neutral fraction of the oleoresin of Araucaria excelsa, including manool as well as nor-labdanes [42]. Some neutral diterpenoids, such as enMabd-8, 13(E)-dien-15-ol and its acetate, were obtained after extraction of the resin of Araucaria bidwillii [43], while the normal series of the above labdanes have been isolated from Cistus creticus subsp. creticus [44]. From Pinus sylvestris, 3P-hydroxybiformene has been obtained, while from the needles of the American red wood pine (Pinus resinosa), 8,13-epoxy-labd-14-en-19-oic acid, was isolated. In Pinus nigra, labdane acids have been found to be the major acid components of its needles [45,46]. The occurrence of diterpenoids including labdanes in conifers has been published as a review of the chemistry of the order Pinales [47],... 

The study of manoyl oxide derivatives i.e. 7 and 8 in, Fig (7), (i.e ent-hydroxy and en/-acetoxy-3(3-manoyl oxides) isolated from Cistus creticus, by GC-MS resulted in only one peak indicative of the purity of the products [33]. From the H-NMR data it is clear that the 13-epi isomer was present in both derivatives [58,139]. The chromatographic data of the compounds 7 and 8 were recently published [33,63]. Hence, investigations have proven that, apart from the 13-epi isomer, there are more isomers with varying intensities, which correspond to isomers that arise from the different configuration of C-8 chiral center [33]. This isomer showing a different configuration at C-8 has been isolated from the volatile leaf oil of Alaska (yellow) cedar and its structure has been confirmed using spectroscopic methods as well as chemical reactions [150],... 

Papaveraceae Dicentra spectabilis (bleeding heart) Cistaceae Cistus creticus (rock rose)... 

Kytridis, V-P., Karageoigou, R, Levizou, E. Manetas, Y. (2008). Intra-species variation in transient accumulation of leaf anthocyanins in Cistus creticus during winter evidence that anthocyanins may compensate for an inherent photosynthetic and photoprotective inferiority of the red-leaf phenotype. Journal of Plant Physiology, 165, 952-959. 

Cistus ladaniferus of Stokes s Botanical Materia Medica, vol. iii., p. 209, is Cistus polymorphus Wilkoum, and the Cistus creticus of Limnoeus. 

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