Chloropicrin mixture

Phase I testing was carried out from April to September 2003 (Blades et al., 2004). A variety of munition types containing sulfur mustard agent, phosgene, a phosgene-chloropicrin mixture, and a smoke composition were destroyed. 

During military operations in Korea and against Cypriot rioters in the 1950s, anecdotal information has it that the British introduced CS after finding its earher CN and chloropicrin mixture ineffective. Named after its creators Corson and Stoughton who synthesized ortho-chlorobenzylidene malononi-trile in 1928, CS is now the RCA, or tear gas, of choice for the United States and many other countries, replacing the use of CN by the US military in 1959. 

Chloropicrin Mixture. Flammable 2929 57 Chromic Fluoride Solution 1757 60... 

Methyl Bromide and Chloropicrin Mixtures 1581 55 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 1193 26... 

During a decanting operation of chloropicrin/propargyl bromide insecticide mixture, a very violent detonation took place when it came into contact with a pump that heated up accidentally. Note that this risk seems rather obvious since propargyl bromide (see NFRA stability code 4 see also halogen derivatives ) is as unstable as chloropicrin. 

Chloropicrin reacts violently with phenylamine in excess at 145°C. An accidental mixture of this nitrated derivative with sodium hydroxide in an alcoholic solution... 

The symbol CNS identifies a mixture of 23% CN, 38.4% chloropicrin, and 38.4% chloroform. It is an example of multiple-component mixtures developed to achieve desired dissemination characteristics. CNS was declared obsolete in 1957 and is no longer in the supply system. In addition to having the... 

Also reported as a mixture with Chloropicrin (C10-A006) Carbon disulfide (C11-A039). This material is on the ITF-25 high threat list. 

Liquid mixture of 38.4% Chloropicrin (C10-A006), 23% Chloroacetophenone (C13-A008), and 38.4% Chloroform. Historically, the odor of this mixture has been compared to flypaper. 

Aquinite Chloropicrin (75-80%) and Stannic Chloride (25-20%) Mixture Aralo... 

Green Star (British WWI Cylinder Gas) Chloropicrin (65%) and Hydrogen Sulfide (35%) Mixture ... 

Griinkreuz (Green Cross) Diphosgene with or without Chloropicrin and/or Bromomethylethyl Ketone Mixture ... 

A worker exposed to an undetermined concentration of a mixture of sulfuryl fluoride and 1% chloropicrin for 4 hours developed nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and pruritis ... 

A solution of sodium ethoxide is prepared under nitrogen from 70 g. (3.04 gram atoms) of sodium and 2-1. of absolute ethanol (Note 1) in a 3-1. three-necked flask which is equipped with mechanical stirrer, efficient reflux condenser, dropping funnel, and a thermometer which dips below the level of the liquid in the flask. Chloropicrin (100 g., 0.61 mole) (Note 2) is placed in the dropping funnel, and the stirred solution is heated to 58-60° with a water bath. The chloropicrin is added at a rate of 30-35 drops per minute until the reaction becomes self-sustaining (about 20 minutes), at which point the water bath is removed and the balance of the chloropicrin is added at a rate sufficient to maintain the temperature at 58-60° (Note 3). When the addition, which requires nearly 2 hours, is complete, the stirrer is stopped and the mixture is allowed to stand overnight. 

Care should be taken to regulate the temperature and rate of addition of chloropicrin as specified in order to avoid accumulation of unreacted chloropicrin in the reaction mixture during the induction period otherwise the reaction, which is strongly exothermic, may get out of control. 

Ethyl lodoacetate was used by the Allies in shells, especially in mixtures with chloropicrin (10%). 

In the German plants a paste of chloride of lime and water was treated in large vessels of 2-3 m. diameter and 4-5 m. depth with picric acid added in small amounts at a time, the temperature being maintained at about 30° C. The mixture was then distilled in a current of steam, the distillate being collected in large receivers where the chloropicrin was separated from water. 

A paste of chloride of lime was first prepared and pumped into a vertical vessel of enamelled iron where it was mixed with calcium picrate prepared previously by mixing picric acid with water and an excess of lime. The mixture was allowed to react at ordinary temperatures for about 2 hours and then a current of steam was introduced at the bottom of the vessel. In these conditions the rise in temperature accelerated the reaction and at 85° C. the chloropicrin began to distil. Distillation was continued until no more chloropicrin came over. 

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