Chlorinated phenols chemical/physical properties

The mobility and bioavailability of CPs, and thus their bioremediation, are affected by their chemical and physical properties. The solubility of CPs in water decreases as the number of chlorine substituents increases. In addition, the increase in the number of chlorosubstituents in the phenol ring increases the lipophilicity of CPs and thus their tendency to bioaccumulate. The water solubilities, pKa (acidity constant) and pK0W (octanol-water partition constant) values for environmentally important CPs are summarized in Figure 8.1. 

The physical properties determined using the ECD are important to different areas of chemistry. Analytical chemistry deals with how much and what are involved in a chemical reaction. Expressed differently, it establishes what we refer to as the QQQ quantitation, qualitative identification, and the quality of the results. The determination of the electron affinities of the chlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, and phenols and the prediction of the response of the ECD and NIMS are important to qualitative and quantitative analyses of environmental pollutants [21]. Polarographic reduction in solutions likewise gives accurate and precise qualitative and quantitative results. The quality of the analyses is expressed by the random and systematic uncertainties in the reported values. These are obtained from the same principle of weighted least squares used to obtain information from ECD data. Wentworth has described the application of the general least-squares procedure to chemical problems [22, 23]. 

---