Chloric acid, oxidation

Highly pure perchloric acid can also be produced by a patented electrochemical process ia which 22% by weight hypochlorous acid is oxidized to chloric acid ia a membrane-separated electrolyzer, and then additionally oxidized to perchloric acid (8,84). The desired electrochemical oxidation takes place ia two stages ... 

Anhydride of chloric acid, Cl20, is unknown. Oxides with even number of oxygen atoms are mixed anhydrides. Other chlorine oxides such as the radicals CIO, CIO, and CIO are known. Chlorine monoxide [14989-30-17, CIO, plays a key role in depletion of the o2one layer. 

The intermediate HCIO2 is rapidly oxidized to chloric acid. Some chlorine dioxide may also be formed. Kinetic studies have shown that decomposition to O2 and chloric acid increase with concentration, temperature (88), and exposure to light (89—92), and are pH dependent (93). Decomposition to O2 is also accelerated by catalysts, and decomposition to chlorate is favored by the presence of other electrolytes, eg, sodium chloride (94—96). 

Chemical Properties. Chloric acid is a strong acid and an oxidising agent. It reacts with metal oxides or hydroxides to form chlorate salts, and it is readily reduced to form chlorine dioxide. 

Any chloride present in the solution is oxidized to chlorine by the chloric acid. 

A detailed study ot the oxidation of ortho-, meta-, and para-tnfluoromethyl phenols showed that oxidation with chloric acid at 5 to 10 C for 0 5 h gives a complex mixmre of products [59] with isolable 2-chloro-1 hydroxy-2-tnfluoro-methylcyclopent-4-en-3-one-1 -carboxylic acid... 

Chlor-siure, /. chloric acid. -sMureanhydrid, n. chloric anhydride, chlorine(V) oxide, -schwefel, n. sulfur chloride (esp. the monochloride). -silber, n. silver chloride, -sili-cium, n. silicon tetrachloride, -soda, /. = Chlornatron. -stickstoff, m. nitrogen chloride. -Strom, m. stream of chlorine, -strontium, n. strontium chloride, -suifonsaure, /. chlorosulfonic acid, chlorosulfuric acid, -toluol, n. chlorotoluene. -fibertrager, m. chlorine carrier. 

Chloratodimercuriacetaldehyde. OHC.C( Hg),Hg0.ClO2, mw 525.70, colorl prisms. Can be prepd by treating an excess of mercuric oxide in an aq soln of chloric acid with an ale soln of acetaldehyde. It is an extremely sensitive expl of the initiating type, exploding even when shaken under liq (Refs 1 3) Nitratodimercuriacetaldehyde. OHC.C( Hg).HgO.N02, mw 504.26, N 2.78%, colorl prisms from ale. Can be prepd by adding an ale soln of acetaldehyde to an aq soln of mercuric nitrate, acidified with nitric acid. Nearly insol in w. Puffs off on heating with evolution of a yellow cloud and Hg (Refs 1,2 3)... 

Iodoxybenzene has been prepared by the disproportionation of iodosobenzene,4Hi by oxidation of iodosobenzene with hypo-chlorous add or bleaching powder,7 and by oxidation of iodobenzene with hypochlorous acid or with sodium hydroxide and bromine.8 Other oxidizing agents used with iodobenzene include air,3 chlorine in pyridine,9 Caro s acid,19-11 concentrated chloric acid,15 and peracetic acid solution.13 Hypochlorite oxidation of iodobenzene dichloride has also been employed.14... 

Tin disulphide has the same dangerous reactions as sulphides, for which sulphide anion is very sensitive to the effect of oxidants. So the effect of chloric acid and chlorates gives rise respectively to violent detonations and the formation of spectacular showers of sparks. Dichlorine oxide detonates, but this is to be expected. 

Mixtures of antimony with chloric acid and dichlorine oxide give rise to detonations. 

A pyrotechnic mixture of sulphide/potassium chlorate/aluminium has led to regular detonations. This sulphide incandesces as soon as it is in contact with chloric acid. Mixtures of antimony trisuiphide with alkaline nitrates, which are probably used for pyrotechnic purposes, also lead to detonations. Bengal lights has been made with this mixture, which was used in small quantities in mixtures and no accidents were experienced. Finally, dichlorine oxide detonates in contact with this sulphide. 

A chloric acid digestion was used by Backer 2 391 for the preparation of tissue samples. The digest is simply diluted to determine iron, zinc, and copper. The tantalum sampling boat technique was used by Emmermann and Luecke 2531 to measure lead, zinc, and silver in prepared soil solutions. White 1S81 treated ashed plants with hydroxylamine in IN hydrochloric acid to reduce and dissolve oxides of manganese, prior to its determination by atomic absorption spectroscopy. 

Bromic acid, 0248 Chloric acid, 3996 Hypochlorous acid, 3995 Iodic acid, 4424 Orthoperiodic acid, 4542 Perchloric acid, 3998 Periodic acid, 4425 See also HALOGEN OXIDES... 

The reaction is symbolized 2C102+H20=HC102+HC10S, so that the aq. soln. of N. A. E. Millon s chlorine trioxide will contain a mixture of chloric and chlorous acids and chlorine, and a soln. of the same gas in alkali lye will contain a mixture of the alkali hypochlorite, chlorite, chlorate, chloride. The chlorites are accordingly formed when soln. of chloric acid, HC103, or chlorine dioxide, C102, are partially reduced by the methods employed for the preparation of chlorine di- and tri-oxides. J. E. de Vrij 3 prepared the acid by reducing chloric acid with tartaric acid. G. Bruni and G. Levi used oxalic acid ... 

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