Chloracetamide compounds

Johnsson M, Buhagen M, Leira HL, Solvang S (1983) Fungicide-induced contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 9 285-288 Jolanki R (1991) Occupational skin diseases from epoxy compounds, epoxy resin compounds, epoxy acrylates and 2,3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (thesis). Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh) 159 1-80 Jones SK, Kennedy CTC (1988) Chloracetamide as an allergen in the paint industry. Contact Dermatitis 18 304-305 Kanerva L, Jolanki R, Plosila M, Estlander T (1984) Contact dermatitis from dibutylthiourea. Report of a case with fine structural observations of epicutaneous testing with dibutylthiourea. Contact Dermatitis 10 158-162... 

Among the three 2-halo-acetamides, chloro-, bromo- and iodo-acetamide, 2-chloracetamide is the one with the lowest antimicrobial efficacy, although because of the high electronegativity of the chloro atom, it is the more reactive compound. But its lipoid solubility is much lower than that of bromo- and iodo-acetamide. Comparison data of the three 2-halo-acetamides are listed in Table 76. Nevertheless 2-chloracetamide only has gained significant importance as a preservative for the protection of aqueous functional fluids because of its good water solubility and in consequence its favourable partition coefficient. 

Other advantages of 2-chloracetamide are the following properties colourless, odourless, effective over a wide range of pH values (4-9), compatible with anionic and non-ionic compounds. The antimicrobial activity increases even in... 

N-(N -hydroxymethyl-)carbamoylmethyl-hexaminium chloride is compared with other quaternary hexaminium salts of superior efficacy as the starting material for quaternizing hexamethylenetetramine in this case is a formaldehyde releasing compound, too, namely N-hydroxymethyl-chloracetamide (3.4.1.) - Applications as described under 3.3.2. - 3.3.4. - Addition rates 0.05-0.2%. 

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