Chesapeake Bay, USA

Beyer, W.N., D. Day, A. Morton, and Y. Pachepsky. 1998b. Relation of lead exposure to sediment ingestion in mute swans on the Chesapeake Bay, USA. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17 2298-2301. 

Montoya JP, Horrigan SG, McCarthy JJ (1991) Rapid, storm-induced changes in the natural abundance of in a planktonic ecosystem, Chesapeake Bay, USA. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 55 3627-3638... 

Chesapeake Bay, USA, is the largest estuary on Earth and almost all of the arsenic entering the headwaters is As(V). Although inorganic As(V) is consistently the most abundant arsenic species in the estuary, extensive arsenic reduction and methylation occur during warm months (Sanders, Riedel and Osman, 1994), 295 (Millward et al., 1997), 53. The appearance of As(III) and methylarsenic species correlates well with phytoplankton production. Similar seasonal patterns involving arsenic reduction and methylation are seen in other estuaries (Sanders, Riedel and Osman, 1994), 295. 

Figure 7.19a Series of stations in the main stem of Chesapeake Bay (USA) where 7Be sediment inventories were measured. SUSQ = Susquehanna BALT = Baltimore CALV = Calvert POTO = Potomac RAPP = Rappahannock CAPE = Cape Charles. (Modified from Dibb and Rice, 1989a,b.)...

Figure 7.19b Susquehanna River discharge (a), 7Be atmospheric deposition (b), and 7Be inventories in Chesapeake Bay (USA) (c-h), showing lower inventories at the SUSQ station relative to the higher inventories at the BALT and CALV stations due to inputs of 7Be-rich sediments from the head of the Bay followed by redeposition farther down in the estuary. (Modified from Dibb and Rice, 1989.)...

Figure 7.20 A dual-tracer approach (using both 137Cs and 210Pb) in sediment cores collected from lower Chesapeake Bay (USA). The maximum depth of 137Cs was used to corroborate the physical mixing depths established with excess 210Pb. = excess activity A = total activity. (Modified from Dellapenna et al., 1998.)...

Figure 8.25 Depth of mixing and bioturbation rates as they relate to seasonal temperature changes in different regions of Chesapeake Bay (USA). (Modified from Schaffner et al., 2001.)...

Boicourt, W.C. (1990) The influences of circulation processes on dissolved oxygen in Chesapeake Bay. In Oxygen Dynamics in Chesapeake Bay, USA, A Synthesis of Recent Research (Smith, D.E., Leffler, M., and Mackiernan, eds.), pp. 1-59, Maryland Sea Grant, College Park, MD. 

Sanford, L., and E.M. Smith. (1997) Interactions between physics and biology in estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) of Chesapeake Bay, USA. CM 1997/S 11. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, Copenhagen, Denmark. 

Wicomico Rivers Chesapeake Bay, USA Fishing Bay, Tangier Sound, and Wicomico, Nanticoke, Potomac, and Patuxent Rivers Chesapeake Bay, USA... 

Crassostrea virginica Choptank, Severn, Miles, Wye, Potomac, and Wicomico River Chesapeake Bay, USA Fayer et al., 1998 C. parvum, infectious for mice, oocysts in hemolymph and gills, most infected oysters at a site near a large cattle farm... 

Macoma balthica, M. mitchelli Rhode River Chesapeake Bay, USA Graczyk et al., 1999c Giardia duodenalis assemblage A, on average 36 cysts/clam, contaminated clams in wildlife refuge... 

I. recurvum, C. virginica, M. balthica Chesapeake Bay, USA Graczyk et al., 2000b Cryptosporidium species, G. duodenalis genotype (assemblage) A... 

Foster GD, Lippa KA, Miller CV (2000) Seasonal concentrations of organic contaminants at the fall line of the Susquehanna river basin and estimated fluxes to the Northern Chesapeake Bay, USA. Environ Tox Chem 19, 992-1001. 

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