Chemokine CXCL

Alternatively neutrophils may release CXC chemokines. These amplify their ovm recruitment (GROs/CXCL 1-2-3 and IL-8) or promote T and NK cell recruitment (monokine induced by IFN-y, MIG/CXCL9 IP-lO/CXCLlO IFN-inducible T cell a chemoattractant, I-TAC/CXCLl 1) and Th2 immune responses [12],... 

So, what is the evidence that chemokines are involved in COPD Several chemokines are involved in neutrophil chemotaxis and mainly belong to the CXCL family, of which CXCL8 (lL-8) is the most prominent member relevant to COPD. 

Shi, G.X., Harrison, K., Wilson, G.L, Moratz, C and Kehrl, J.H. (2002) RGS13 regulates germinal center B lymphocytes responsiveness to CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)12 and CXCL13. Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md 1950), 169, 2507-2515. 

All of the CXC ligand proteins are active as chemoattractant factors. As mentioned earlier, the first chemokine identified was CXCLS, which has now been extensively characterized and will thus be used as a representative for this discussion on chemokine structures and functions. The amino-acid alignment of all the human CXC chemokines shown in Fig. 2 is therefore arranged with respect to CXCLS, and references to specific sections of CXCLs will be numbered according to the CXCLS primary sequence. 

CXCLs 1-8 molecules (except CXCL4). All of the ELR+ ligands activate the CXCR2 receptor, but only CXCLS can activate both CXCRl and CXCR2 (Ahuja and Murphy, 1996). These receptors are abundantly expressed on neutrophils, and the ELR+ CXC chemokines are primarily considered neutrophil chemoattractants. 

The ELR+ CXC chemokines are important mediators of tumorigenesis related to their angiogenic properties. Studies using melanoma tumor models support that CXCLs 1, 2, and 3 play a significant role in mediating... 

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