Chemistry of the Lead Chamber Process

Lunge and Berl proposed the following meehanism for the oxidation of sulfur 

Process efficiency depended on gas mixing in the lead chambers. Major improvements in operating the lead chamber process were the use of packed towers by Gaillard-Parrish and Peterson, the introduction of conical towers by Mills and Packard, and process designs introduced by Kachkaroff. Chamber acid was dilute 65% sulfuric acid as produced but could be concentrated to 80% in the Glover tower. 

---