Chemistry and Catalysts

Since H202 is easier to handle than 02, we will focus on the use of the former. Many metals can be used for this transformation [50]. Among them, iron compounds are of interest as mimics of naturally occurring non-heme catalysts such as methane monooxygenase (MMO) [51a] or the non-heme anti-tumor drug bleomycin [51b]. Epoxidation catalysts should meet several requirements in order to be suitable for this transformation [50]. Most importantly they must activate the oxidant without formation of radicals as this would lead to Fenton-type chemistry and catalyst decomposition. Instead, heterolytic cleavage of the 0—0 bond is desired. In some cases, alkene oxidation furnishes not only epoxides but also diols. The latter transformation will be the topic of the following section. 

For a long time practical catalysis remained an empirical art rather than a scientific discipline, mainly because the complexity of the catalytic systems obscured the molecular insights needed for their control in a predictive manner. The modern spectroscopic techniques available to the analytical laboratory enable detailed catalyst analysis and in-situ studies. Advanced inorganic and organometallic chemistry and catalyst synthesis (e.g. zeolite synthesis) are also significant. This has changed catalytic practice and has resulted in a considerable reduction of catalyst development times. Nonetheless, in catalysis, accidental discovery and high risk exploratory research are still important factors in innovation. 

The Step Polymerization Mechanism in ADMET Chemistry and Catalyst Selection... 

METHANOL TO GASOLINE SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES OF CHEMISTRY AND CATALYST R.F. HOWE... 

R. A. Sheldon, I. Arends, and U. Hanefeld, Green Chemistry and Catalysts, WUey-VCH, Weinheim, 2007. 

H. H. Kung, Transition metal oxides Surface chemistry and catalysts, Elsevier Amsterdam, 1989. 

Somoijai, G. A. Introduction to Surface Chemistry and Catalysts, John Wiley and Sons New York, 1994. 

Volume 45 Transition Metal Oxides Surface Chemistry and Catalysts by H.H. Kung... 

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