Chemical Synthesis of Particular Nanoferroics

Chemical syntheses are not universal. To obtain nanoparticles of different composition, new reaction has to be found and optimized with respect to other reference reagents and relations between the reaction kinetics and powder characteristics. 

The information about nanocrystalline ferroic powders fabricated by various chemical synthesis technologies is reported in Table 5.2. Their possible applications are also listed. Powders of the same ferroics for two different applications might be obtained by different techniques since the requirements of size distribution, morphology, agglomeration and impurity composition are determined by different technological conditions. For example, barium titanate is a dielectric with high dielectric constant and it is widely used in multilayer ceramic capacitors, whereas semiconducting properties of rare-earth doped BaTiOs are important for thermistors. 

The surfactant is any substance which affects the surface or interfacial tension of the medium in which it is dissolved. Surfactants can increase or decrease the surface tension by spreading on the surface or interface. Surfactants are used for the synthesis of nanoparticles to reduce the interparticle interaction due to increased repulsive forces to control the particle size and their distribution in most chemical methods. 

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