Chemical navigation

Waterborne Transport. Despite natural limitations, the transportation of chemicals by water has enjoyed substantial growth, especially siace the ead of World War 11. Assisted by governmental developmeat of the inland waterways system, including locks and other navigational aids, water carriers transport large quantities of bulk chemicals in barges between inland ports or between such ports and coastal ports. In addition, bulk chemicals ate transported by self-propelled tank vessels between U.S. coastal points, and between U.S. ports and overseas destinations. In 1989, 56.1 million metric tons (61.9 million short tons) of chemicals were transported in the U.S. domestic waterborne commerce (16). 

The marine environment is highly aggressive. Materials in marine service are constantly exposed to water, corrosive salts, strong sunlight, extremes in temperature, mechanical abuse, and chemical pollution in ports. This climate is very severe on ships, buoys, and navigational aids, offshore stmctures such as drilling platforms, and faciUties near the shore such as piers, locks, and bridges. 

Lipinski C, Hopkins A. Navigating chemical space for biology and medicine. Nature 2004 432 855-61. 

Oprea TI. Chemical space navigation in lead discovery. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2002 6 384-9. 

Oprea, T., Zamora, I., Ungell, A.-L., Pharmacokinetically based mapping device for chemical space navigation,... 

Fig. 2 Cartoon illustration of sex pheromone-mediated communication in insects. A female moth advertises her readiness to mate by emitting a chemical signal that permeates the air. Odorant-oriented navigation allows a male to pin-point the pheromone source...

Oprea, T.I., COTTFRIES, J. Chemography the art of navigating in chemical space. 

Excerpt 10A (adapted from Instructions, Regulations for Speakers, Authors. American Chemical Society Web site. http //portal.acs.org/portal/Navigate nodeid=907 (accessed January 3,2008))... 

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