Chart-flo

Chart-flo Chemical etching of channels in sheets, then diffusion bonding together Heat exchange, HEX-reactors (Chart-kote) 4... 

Type of heat exchanger Plate and frame (gaskets) Fully welded plate (Alfarex) Brazed plate Spiral Brazed plate-fin Diffusion- bonded plate-fin Printed circuit Polymer (e.g. channel- plate) Chart-flo... 

The Chart-flo heat exchanger and its stablemates in the heat exchanger reactor field (see Chapter 5) are the latest truly innovative designs to enter the CHF marketplace. Produced by Chart Energy and Chemicals, the Chart-flo unit extends the option... 

Figure 4.8 The Chart-flo compact heat exchanger - in this variant larger passages are provide to take possible fouling into account.

Figure 4.9 Plates used in the Chart-flo heat exchanger.

A particular feature of the Chart-flo is that it was developed at the outset for applications which could encompass reactions, as well as pure heat transfer duties, in its Chart-pak and other forms (see Chapter 5). As a heat exchanger reactor the scope of application becomes very wide, including continuous chemical reactions, fuel cells and other reforming applications. The compactness (see below) implies that it could be an integral part of many intensified processes, and a study of its implications for reducing the size of absorption cycle refrigeration plant has illustrated the benefits of multi-stream, multi-pass and multi-functional use within a single module. 

As mentioned earlier, the high porosity of the Chart-flo unit, together with the ability to use low hydraulic diameters, gives it advantages over several other CHEs in terms of compactness. For clean stream duties, the volume of a Chart-flo heat exchanger could be as low as 5% of that of the equivalent shell and tube heat exchanger. 

From the friction factor chart, Figure 2.1, for a smooth tube and this value of the Reynolds number, fLO = 0.0058. Therefore... 

Flo. 1. A control chart showing the results of serum potassium determinations performed daily on the same control serum (previously determined mean value, 4.40 mEq/liter). The warning and action limits are set at 2 SD and 3 SD, respectively. 

Chart 1 illustrates our experimental results of "Pharmacological Effect of Puerariae Flos and Its Constituents" [12, 13]. The MeOH extract of this crude drug depresses various alcohol-induced unusual metabolisms, a decrease in ALT (Alanine aminotransferase) and AST (Aspartate aminotransferase), suppression of spontaneous movement, decrease in BG and TG, and a significant decrease in blood alcohol and acetaldehyde level. After separation of the MeOH extract, the obtained triterpenoidal saponin fr. (PF-SP) shows a decrease in ALT and AST, and TG and... 

Chart 1. Pharmacological Effects of Puerariae Flos on Alcohol-Induced Unusual Metabolism BUN. The isoflavonoid fr. (PF-IF) shows a decrease in ALT, AST and BUN, and a significant decrease in the blood alcohol and acetaldehyde level. 

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