Charge transport, single crystalline

The electrical conductivity of a material is a macroscopic solid-state property since even in high molecular-weight polymers there is not just one conjugated chain which spans the distance between two electrodes. Then it is not valid to describe the conductivity by the electronic structure of a single chain only, because intra- and interchain charge transport are important. As with crystalline materials, some basic features of the microscopic charge-transport mechanism can be inferred from conductivity measurements [83]. The specific conductivity a can be measured as the resistance R of a piece of material with length d and cross section F within a closed electrical circuit,... 

We note further, that the reduction of dewetting and islanding enables in case of the SAM-modified Au substrates in particular the preparation of crystalline thin films of well defined thickness on single crystalline metal surfaces which permits the use of tunnelling spectroscopic measurements to study charge transport properties as described in the next section. 

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