Charge percolation

Refs. [i] Chance RR, Boundreaux DS, Bredas J-L, Silbey R (1986) Solitons, polarons and bipolarons in conjugated polymers. In Skotheim TA (Ed) Handbook of conducting polymers, vol. 2, Marcel Dekker, p 825 [ii] Inzelt G (1994) Mechanism of charge transport in polymer-modified electrodes. In Bard AJ (Ed) Electroanalytical chemistry, vol. 18, Marcel Dekker [iii] Lyons MEG (1994) Charge percolation in electroactive polymers. In Lyons MEG (ed) Electroactive polymer electrochemistry, Parti, Plenum, New York, p 1... 

The charge percolation by electron hopping is necessarily coupled to ion migration inside the coating, as required by fulfillment of electroneutrality. Some important conclusions concerning the conductivity of the coating can be drawn either fi om impedance spectra or by d.c. conductivity measurements (two-band electrode). Necessary condition for the material to be conductive is that it is polarized at potentials close to E° of the redox couple inside the RP. At similar potentials, in fact, meaningful concentration values of both redox forms are present in the RP. This restriction has been experimentally verified for a modified electrode... 

Although metal hexacyanoferrates (HCFs) cannot be considered RPs, from both a structural and a compositional viewpoint, charge percolation occurs through electron-hopping mechanisms quite similar to those just described. For this reason, these pure inorganic materials are dealt with in the frame of this chapter. 

Fig. 3.10 Schematic drawing of possible ways of charge percolation in type 2 metallopolymers...

Lyons MEG (1994) Charge percolation in conducting polymers. In Lyons MEG (ed) Electroactive polymer electrochemistry, part 1 fundamentals. Plenum Press, New York, pp 1-235... 

The electrochemical behavior of ZMEs is described in exhaustive reviews [17, 134], and the mechanisms involved in charge percolation processes inside ZMEs are also at the basis of the applications of these materials in electroanalysis and of the strategies followed to exploit their properties. The charge percolation process is... 

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