Discharge records, charge

Figure 2. Charge-discharge records for lithium-copper sulfide and lithium-nickel sulfide cells...

Figure 3. Charge-discharge records for lithium-iron sulfide cells with graphite and ceramic cases...

Fig. 6.3. In situ X-ray diffraction pattern of TiS2 recorded during charging/discharging experiments (based on data in [12] see also [13])...

Polarization of the lithium electrode is negligible both during charging and discharge record-breaking current densities, up to 40 A/cm, have been obtained with lithium electrodes. 

The product prepared by reactive milling for 5 h shows a rather disordered spinel structure as observed by Raman scattering spectroscopy (Fig. 9.21a). For this compound the Raman active Aig mode at 625 cm is shifted to 633 cm and broadened in comparison with that of a A-LiMn204 ceramic. This disordered structure is also at the origin of the electrochemical behavior shown in Fig. 9.21b. The first charge-discharge curve recorded at the C/10 rate shows deviation from the standard electrochemical profile of LiMn204 spinel. We do not observe the... 

High rate capability is equally important for the application of EDLC in high-energy systems such as HEV [78-82]. The EDLC performances of the HMC capsules and NAS carbon at higher current density were recorded by continuous increase in current density (initially 0.3-0.5 and then to 1.0 A g ) after every five charge-discharge cycles, and the representative data are... 

The capacitance retention of the HMC electrode was also studied by recording charge-discharge profiles for 2000 cycles at 1.0 A and the corresponding data are presented in Figure 4.10b. Despite the initial decrease in capacitance for the first 100 cycles, probably due to the attainment of equilibrium electrode potentials, the HMC has shown very good cycle stability up to 2000 cycles and retains 88% of the initial capacitance. The hollow macroporous core, which is connected and open to the outer mesoporous... 

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