Cycle stability

The good cycling stability of the tin in TCO is quite unusual, because the electrochemical cycling of Li ASn and also of other Li alloy electrodes is commonly associated with large volume changes in the... 

Reproducible phase change => to use the storage material many times (also called cycling stability). 

Cycling stability => Larger heat transfer transfer... 

Electrolyte effects on the cycling stability of lithium storage metals and alloys indicate the importance of SEI formation in this case, too. Very early measurements suggest that additives such as CO2 do not only improve the cycling stability of metallic lithium [41] and graphitic carbons (see above), but also that of lithium storage metals (Fig. 18), which may be related with the electrical properties of the SEI (Fig. 19) [13]. 

Application of new types of graphite, found to be more oxidation-proof (in particular, TEG and TEG modified by boron), can largely increase the electrochemical stability of materials used in aqueous electrolyte media. Their high resistance to oxidation and enhanced long-term cycling stability create realistic prerequisites for wide range of applications for such graphite... 

WD cycles stabilize 1.0-nm layers against exchange by a cation with substantial hydration energy. 

ECs are another promising electrical energy storage device with a higher energy density than electrical capacitors, and a better rate capability and cycling stability than LIBs [32]. Carbon-based electric double layer capacitors and metal oxide- or polymer-based pseudocapacitors are two main types of ECs. The charge-... 

Pt on TiC and TiN has also been reported to show good cycle stability (to 1.2 V), especially when mixed with uncatalyzed carbon.i° Steady-state corrosion tests of Pt/TiC at 1.2 and 1.4 V showed gradual oxidation to Ti02, although this was not dependent on potential. TiC has also been used by 3M as a support for a series of non-PM catalysts and has showed very stable performance over 1,000 h at 0.6 V. However, the overall activity was four times lower than that of an equivalent catalyst on carbon. 

Cycling stability on both LiMn204 and LiNio.8Coo.2O2. 

An important feature of the adsorbent bed in this process is its ability to accept a water-saturated feed without displaying any tendency for the zeolite to become deactivated by water adsorption. The reverse flow of gas during the exhaust part of the cycle stabilizes the water penetration to no more than about one-fourth to one-half inch from the top of the bed. As a result, no need exists for pre-drying the feed air or supplying a desiccant at the inlet to the bed. 

The need to be able to control chaos has attracted considerable attention. Methods already available include a variety of minimal forms of interaction [150-155] and methods of strong control [156,157] that necessarily require a large modification of the system s dynamics, for at least a limited period of time. For example, in Refs. 158 and 159, the procedure of controlling chaos by means of minimal forms of interaction (saddle cycle stabilization) is realized for different laser systems. 

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