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Characteristics of Specific Initial Rate Laws

Students should be aware that in real cases the numerical treatment does not work out as perfectly as it did in the above example. Some level of mathematical sophistication, and the application of logarithms, maybe necessary to determine the orders in the rate law. Example 20.6, later in this chapter, shows one such case where use of logarithms is necessary to determine the order of the reaction. [Pg.701]

There are several simple forms of rate laws, so it is common to discuss them and their particular characteristics. Although many rate laws depend on the amounts of more than one component, we will focus on rate laws of the type [Pg.701]

To apply calculus to equation 20.8, we need to rewrite the quantity rate in terms of a change in amount over some period of time. We do this by using the forms in equation 20.4. If we are focusing on a reactant species A, the rate is [Pg.701]

A first-order reaction is one whose kinetics follow a rate law where the order is 1 that is, [Pg.701]

All spontaneous radioactive processes and many chemical processes (including many metabolic processes in the body) are first-order reactions. We can rearrange equation 20.11 to isolate all terms in the species A on one side, and all other variables on the other  [Pg.701]


The type of system most commonly encountered in chemical engineering apphcations has the primary characteristic variables pressure, volume, temperature and compositiom Such systems are made up of fluids, liquid or gas, and are called PVT systems. The conservation laws concern the accumulation rate of mass, amount of components, energy and momentum of such a system. The variables depend on the extent of a system and are therefore called extensive variables. Extensive properties are additive. When mirltiple systerrrs are combined to a new system, the new value of the variable will be the sum of the initial ones. In contrast, temperature, pressttre, specific volirme and composition are conditions imposed upon or exhibited by the system. These are intensive variables. When systems are combined to a new system, the new value of the variable will be the equilibrium value of the initial ones. [Pg.26]


See other pages where Characteristics of Specific Initial Rate Laws is mentioned: [Pg.696]    [Pg.701]    [Pg.701]    [Pg.703]    [Pg.705]    [Pg.696]    [Pg.701]    [Pg.701]    [Pg.703]    [Pg.705]    [Pg.85]    [Pg.1144]   


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