Chamois leather

Gemsleder, n. chamois leather, chamois. Gemiill, Gemtilm, n. rubbish. 

Rausch-gelb, n. orpiment. -gift, n. narcotic poison or drug, -gold, n. Dutch gold, tinsel, -leder, n. chamois (leather), -mittel, n. intoxicant. -rot, n. realgar, -silber, n. imitation silver foil. 

Front-silvered mirrors can be pohshed with optical rouge on a pad of chamois leather over cotton wool. Care is necessary because it is easy to polish completely through the silver. Back-silvered mirrors can be protected by first varnishing the silver and then painting the varnish. Front-silvered mirrors can be protected with a thin coat of lacquer, such as a dilute solution of cellulose nitrate in amyl acetate. The lacquer should not be too thin, or interference colours may be produced. 

Now determine the zero point of the balance. Then grasp the sodium hydroxide-asbestos tube, which must not be touched with the fingers after wiping, with the small dry chamois leather cloth, open the stop-cock (stopper) for a short time so as to permit equalisation of pres- fig. 39... 

You deliberately delay your answer as you give Sally a chance to admire your car seats made of Cordovan chamois leather—a luxurious, soft, porous leather that could be repeatedly wetted and dried without damage. Although your sporty, red Porsche Carrera XI is out of character with the spartan life of an FBI agent, you appreciate the car s sleek lines and blazing acceleration. 

Deer S7ctns.—A considerable number of these skins is manufactured into chamois leather, particularly in the United States, and also into glove leather. The preparation of this kind of leather in Great Britain and Ireland is very limited. 

Fancy Leathers.—Besides the various,kinds of leather already described, there are many others, Included under the name of fancy leathers, which are extensively used, and are therefore manufactured on a large scale, Such are the well-known Russian leather, morocco, Hungarian, and chamois leathers, with a few others of lesser importance, hut which, nevertheless, merit a short description. 

On, ok Chamois Leather—TIiIb article, takes its name from the skins of the chamois but, although the term is still retained, those of sheep, deer, lambs, and the tliin portion of split hides and skins, are now converted into it. It is different from any of the varieties hitherto described, bcoause neither tannin nor mineral matters enter Into its formation the conservation being entirely effected by means of oils and fats. Further, the finest, aB well as tire coarsest quality known as wash-leather, receive precisely the same treatment, and consequently the difference they present is owing to the circumstance, that the finest skins are chosen for tho former, whilst the inferior ones are mado into the latter. In the last, sixteenth, and earlier centuries, the trade in chamois leather was much more considerable than at prosent because, in those periods, it was extensively used for clothing, particularly in the armies. It is now, however, abandoned for this purpose, in consequence of its permeability, owing to which it readily absorbed moisture, and parted with it bnt slowly qualities which kept the wearer in continual. danger of cold and rheumatic complaints. 

In the manufacture of chamois leather the skins are prepared by passing through the lime vats, scraping on the home, et cetera, in the ordinary way and when these preliminaries are effected, and the lime removed in the lactic acid or bran vat, ns muc]i as possible, they are subjected to the frizing operation. This consists In rubbing them with pumice-stone, or the blunt end of a round knife, till the grain Is entirely removed, the surface softened, and an equal thickness obtained throughout. After this the skins are squeezed or pressed, in order to remove as much water as possible. 

Animal and other Substances. — Several attempts have also been made to fabricate paper, either wholly or in part, from animal substances, hut hitherto with little success. Chamois leather, when properly prepared, and a portion of it mixed with pulp, makes a s tro ng tough paper, butofapoorcolor. The mschine ty for preparing rags te resulted for animal substances, its effect being to tear out, while animal materials require to he bruised, or rubbed. Paper from sueh materials was lately manufactured at a mill in England, and was expected to be free of duty, but the Case was otherwise decided. 

Host of the impurities may be separated by simple fusion, in hot water, and aftarwards pressing through buckskin, or still better, chamois leather. The operation is effected in the apparatus represented in Fig. 397. The phosphorus is first agglomerated by melting it in a water bath at 140 . When ft has again solidified by cooling, it is wrapped in a perfectly clean... 

The Combustion Proper.—The burners are lit under the heating mortar and oxidising portion of the combustion tube while air is passed. In the meantime the caps are taken off the absorption tubes, which are then carefully wiped with chamois leather. Care should be taken that no part of the tubes is wiped in both directions, otherwise they may become electrified and give trouble in weighing. If there is any doubt whether electrification has occurred the tubes can be discharged by bringing into... 

A relatively old publication attempted to link skin texture to the measurement of /%. Authors found fairly good correlation between the smoothness of chamois leather, as perceived by experts, and the inverse of /u-k.8 This in vitro result was, however, not confirmed in vivo by Prall who found other types of correlations.9 On the other hand, it has been shown that 1 //u-k correlates very well with the slippery effect of oils. Such results reveal the complexity of the quality of smoothness smoothness of skin and smoothness perceived when applying a cosmetic product to the skin correspond to two different sensations. 

To remedy the fault, Nazi experts first rub the diamond with genuine eau-de-Cologne and, while still damp, placing it in very fine sawdust where it is whirled in a rubber-lined container or shaker, driven by mechanical means, until the proper degree of brilliance and lustre is restored. The process ends with a final polishing with a specially prepared chamois leather. The treatment costs from one hundred to one thousand Reichmarks, and takes the best part of three months to complete, according to the deterioration in the gem that has taken place.65... 

In the early nineteenth century, in Whitby, jet was being turned on lathes, and cut, faceted and polished on large wheels. A fine, cream coloured mud from Derbyshire was used for the initial polishing on wheels, which were covered with walrus or porpoise hide, and the piece was given its high lustre with wool and iron oxide powder, before being finished off with a chamois leather. The workshops were full of highly inflammable dust and lit by kerosene lamps, with the result that several burnt down. 

The glass plates were first cleaned with chamois-leather dipped in 3 % H2O2 and afterwards with alcohol. Then the plates, the plate Ai being fixed in the frame B, were quickly but carefully brought together in such a way tiiat interference colours became visible. If this could not be done very easily, dust particles were still present between the plates and cleaning was repeated. 

Use Medicine (for its vitamin A and D content, now largely is replaced by synthetic products), chamois-leather tanning. 

Oil-tanned chamois leather Alum-tawed skins Formaldehyde-tanned leather Aluminium-tanned skins Vegetable-tanned leather (hydrolysable) Vegetable-tanned leather (condensed) Chrome-tanned leather... 

---