Cerebral blood volume, and

Sakai F, Nakazawa K, Tazaki Y, Ishii K, Hino H, Igarashi H, Kanda T. Regional cerebral blood volume and hematocrit measured in normal human volunteers hy single-photon emission computed tomography. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1985 5 207-213. 

Donahue KM, Krouwer HG, Rand SD, Pathak AP, Marszalkowski CS, Censky SC, Pros RW. Utility of simultaneously acquired gradient-echo and spin-echo cerebral blood volume and morphology maps in brain tumor patients. Magn Reson Med 2000 43 845-853. 

Inhaled anesthetics decrease the metabolic rate of the brain. Nevertheless, the more soluble volatile agents increase cerebral blood flow because they decrease cerebral vascular resistance. The increase in cerebral blood flow is clinically undesirable in patients who have increased intracranial pressure because of a brain tumor or head injury. Volatile anesthetic-induced increases in cerebral blood flow increase cerebral blood volume and further increase intracranial pressure. 

Van Lookeren Campagne M, Thomas GR, Thibodeaux H, Palmer JT, Williams SP, Lowe DG, van Bruggen N (1999) Secondary reduction in the apparent diffusion coefficient of water, increase in cerebral blood volume, and delayed neuronal death after middle cerebral artery occlusion and early reperfusion in the rat. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 19 1354-1364... 

Law M, Yang S, Babb JS, Knopp EA, GoMnos JG, Zagzag D, Johnson G (2004) Comp aii son of cerebral blood volume and vascular permeability from dynamic susceptibility conti ast-enlianced perfusion MR imaging witli glioma grade. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 25 746-755. 

Artru A A 1990 Hypocapnia and diazepam reverse and midazolam or fentanyl attenuates ketamine induced Increase of cerebral blood volume and/or cerebrospinal fluid pressure. In Domino E F (ed) Status of ketamine in anesthesiology. NPP Books, Ann Arbor, Ml, p. 119 Aurich C, Aurich J E, Klug E 1993 Naloxone affects gastrointestinal functions and behaviour in horses. Deutsche Tierarztiiche Wochenschrift 100 314-315 Ballard S, Shults T, Kownacki A A et al 1982 The pharmacokinetics, pharmacological responses and behavioral effects of acepromazine in the horse. 

Although the present model predicts bidirectional movement of [ N] ammonia across the blood-brain barrier, loss of label by back-diffusion of [ N]ammonia is likely to be small and not easily separable from a washout component. From the data given in Table III on the relative sizes of cerebral blood volume and small pool, and the rate constants 2 and kz, we estimate a back-flow of [ N]ammonia of no more than 3% of the [ N]ammonia that enters the brain. 

Law, M., Yang, S., Babb, J., Knopp, E., Golfinos, J., Zagzag, D., et al. Comparison of cerebral blood volume and vascular permeability from dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion MR imaging with gUoma grade. AJNR Am. J. Nemoradiol. 25(5), 746-755(2004)... 

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