Ceramic dosimeters

Martin, H., B.M. Patterson, and G.B. Davis. 2003. Field trial of contaminant groundwater monitoring Comparing time-integrating ceramic dosimeters and conventional water sampling. Environ. Sci. Technol. 37 1360-1364. 

Ceramic dosimeter Various solid sorbent materials Microporous ceramic material PAHs, BTEX, chlorinated hydrocarbons Integrative sampling in groundwater Up to 1 year Solvent extraction or thermal desorption 54... 

Among the kinetic sampling devices, ceramic dosimeters have been used successfully for the long-term surveillance of VOCs.92 They use a ceramic tube as the diffusion-limiting barrier that encloses a receiving phase consisting of solid sorbent beads. Over a three-month deployment in a contaminated aquifer, the ceramic dosimeter provided TWA concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzenes, xylenes, and naphthalenes. The levels obtained matched closely those found in spot water samples that were taken frequently over the trial period.54... 

A novel approach using the sorbent phase directly (with no extraction) in contact with cell lines from rainbow trout liver was developed by Schirmer et al.114 and Bopp et al.115 The cell lines were used to detect EROD activity from specific PAHs. A modified ceramic dosimeter (Toximeter sampler containing Biosilon 160-300 pm diameter polystyrene beads as the sorbent phase) was deployed for extended periods in groundwater known to be contaminated by PAHs. The response obtained using the cell lines incubated with Biosilon beads correlated with the concentrations of PAHs known to have EROD-inducing activity. The system is versatile as other cell lines can be used depending on the toxicological response of interest. 

Martin, H., M. Piepenbrink, and P. Grathwohl. 2001. Ceramic dosimeters for time-integrated contaminantmonitoring. Process Anal. Chem. 6 68-73. 

Bopp, S., H. Weiss, and K. Schirmer. 2005. Time-integrated monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in groundwater using the ceramic dosimeter passive sampling device. J. Chromatogr. A 1072 137-147. 

Martin, H. Piepenbrink, M. Grathwohl, P. (2000) Ceramic Dosimeters for Time-Integrated Contaminant Monitoring. IEPAC-2000 (International Conference Exibition), ONSITE (Eighth International Conference on Site Analysis), Las Vegas, USA. 

The ceramic dosimeter is a time-integrative passive sampling device which is based on a ceramic tube as diffusion-limiting barrier enclosing a receiving phase that consists of solid sorbent beads. It has been successfully applied to the extraction of PAHs from groimdwater using Amberlite as sorbent bead [194]. 

The studies of TL response of AIN to ionizing radiation were performed in comparison with other well-known and widely used TL dosimeters such as AI2O3 C, LiF Mg,Ti, and LiF Mg,Cu,P [27]. It was found that AlN ceramics reveals a number of very attractive properties, such as ... 

High sensitivity to radiation, exceeding that of all other dosimeter materials the ratio of the TL response per unit detector mass and radiation dose constitutes 54 27 7 1 for AIN, LiF Mg,Cu,P, AI2O3 C, and LiF Mg,Ti, respectively. TL curves of these dosimetric materials after the same dose of beta radiation are shown in Figure 9.17. From this figure it is seen that AlN ceramics obtains a wide and structureless TL peak in the 100 - 500 thermal range. 

Figure 9.17 Glow curves of different types of TL dosimeters irradiated with the same beta dose of beta radiation 1 - AIN ceramics, 2 - AljOj C, 3 - LiF Mg,Ti, and 4 - LiF Mg,Cu,P. TL measured with Riso TL/OSL reader with heating rate 10°Cs"L...

It was found that AIN ceramics is very sensitive to UV light. To estimate its applicability for needs of UV dosimetry it was studied in comparison with AI2O3 - a widely used dosimeter material suitable for measurements of UV dose [30]. 

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