Centrifugal dominance

Since cyclones rely on centrifugal force to separate particulates from the air or gas stream, particle mass is the dominant factor that controls efficiency. For particulates with high densities (e.g., ferrous oxides), cyclones can achieve 99 per cent or better removal efficiencies, regardless of particle size. Lighter particles (e.g., tow or flake) dramatically reduce cyclone efficiency. 

Peak tension is the dominant factor that determines belt drive performance and service life. It should be noted that only the working tension components, Tp and Ts, have a direct impact on the pulley, shafts, and bearings of the drive train. Bending and centrifugal tension affects the belt, but should not transmit tension to the drive-train system. 

The specific polysaccharide of the dominant O somatic antigen of Shigella dysenteriae has been shown to be electrophoretically and ultra-centrifugally homogeneous, and to possess a molecular weight of 26,000 from sedimentation and diffusion measurements.2601... 

In most circumstances of interest to chemists, the dominant experimental variables are temperature, pressure, and composition, and our attention has been concentrated on the dependence of a transformation on these factors. On some occasions, however, a transformation takes place in a field gravitational, electrical, or magnetic chemists who work with macromolecules frequently use a centrifugal field in their work. It behooves us, therefore, to see how we can approach such problems. As a gravitational field is the most familiar in common experience, we shall focus initially on some representative problems in this area. 

One attempt to improve the situation has been successful for small to moderate scale operations where high purity is required—namely, the Podbielniak centrifugal counter-current contactor and separator, which dominates the solvent extraction phase of penicillin manufacture. 

The CAT mode of operation involves introduction of the adsorbent near the axis of the rotor, allowing the centrifugal force to move the particles radially outward. Liquid introduced at the outer periphery of the rotor moves countercurrent to the adsorbent and is removed at the axis of the rotor. Adsorbent slurry collects at the periphery and is conducted to the rotor axis for discharge. Experiments using activated carbon to adsorb n-butanol from water revealed that the degree of back-mixing is the dominant factor in performance. Back-mixing is a function of rotor speed, density difference between the phases, and the particle diameter (54). 

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