Central nervous system drugs anesthetics

Drugs Central nervous system drugs - Anesthetic gases... 

Central Nervous System Drugs Anesthetics and Sleep Inducers... 

Holt C, Csete M, Martin P. Hepatotoxicity of anesthetics and other central nervous system drugs. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1995 24(4) 853-74. 

The ability of the anesthetic agent to function is related to the partial pressure of the drug in the brain. Two major factors dictate the concentration of anesthetic agent in the neural tissue (1) the pressure gradients from lung alveoli to the brain (i.e., inhaled gas —> alveoli — bloodstream —> brain) and (2) the lipid solubility of the drug that enables it to pass between the blood-brain barrier to the central nervous system. 

GHB, short for its chemical name gamma hydroxybutyrate, is a potent sedative and a depressant of the central nervous system. GHB was first synthesized in the 1920s, although it was not specifically designed to mimic another existing drug. In the 1960s, GHB was developed for possible use as an anesthetic. However, the makers of GHB later withdrew it from consideration for approval by the U.S. FDA because of severe side effects reported by patients. 

Herbai sedatives and anxioiytics are a diverse group of plant drugs that commonly act as depressants of the central nervous system (CNS) (table 6.1). Pharmaceutical CNS depressants are used as anxiolytics, anti-epiieptics, sedatives, sleep-inducers (sedatives or hypnotics), general anesthetics, and recreationai drugs (e.g., ethanol) (table 6.2). CNS... 

Although this drug is categorized as a local anesthetic, I have chosen to put it in with the hallucinogens because of the psychotomimetic effects that it produces. Cocaine is not a phenylethyl-amine, but it produces central nervous system arousal or stimulant effects which closely resemble those of the amphetamines, the methylenedioxyamphetamines in particular. This is due to the inhibition by cocaine of re-uptake of the norepinephrine released by the adrenergic nerve terminals, leading to an enhanced adrenergic stimulation of norepinephrine receptors. The increased... 

A matter of philosophical rather than practical significance is the close similarity in the optimal hydrophobicity for the random-walk process in plants and animals. In a series of papers dating bact to 1968, Hansch ( 3) has shown that drugs acting rather non-specifically in the animal central nervous system, such as anesthetics and barbiturates, also have an optimal log P in the 2.0 to 2.5 range (Table V). 

DETAILS - Sodium pentothal is one of the most widely used anesthetics in medical and dental practice. It is also the drug of choice for suicidal doctors, so its lethal potential is well proven. It is an ultra-short acting depressant of the central nervous system. It induces hypnosis and anesthesia, but not analgesia (pain relief) Hypnosis is produced within 30 to 40 seconds of injection. 

As we will see in part V, the Recreational Drugstore, many of the abused stimulant drugs that cause seizures during acute use are highly sleep suppressant through their direct action on neuromodulatory systems. Alcohol, by contrast, is a general central nervous system suppressant. As such, and in contrast to the stimulants, alcohol causes euphoria only as a relatively brief consequence of its essentially anesthetic action on the brain. By numbing the brain it induces relaxation, lifts cortical inhibition, and produces a temporary sense of comfort with the self and with society. 

Hydromorphone should never be combined with other drugs that depress the central nervous system. Such drugs include sedatives, tranquilizers, alcohol, and anesthetics. In addition, other types of drugs, such as antidepressants, antihistamines, anticonvulsants, and... 

Peripheral autonomic nervous system Dog (anesthetized) Parenteral Effects on response to known drugs and electrical stimulation of central and peripheral autonomic nerves... 

Katzung PHARMACOLOGY, 9e > Section V. Drugs That Act in the Central Nervous System > Chapter 25, General Anesthetics > ... 

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