Central acting agents

Centrally acting agents (clonidine, methyldopa, and reserpine) Spironolactone a-Blockers Lipid medications Gemfibrozil Antidepressants... 

Centrally acting agents and /J-blockers should generally be avoided or used with caution because they are frequently associated with dizziness and postural hypotension. 

General note In resistant (refractory) hypertension centrally acting agents (selective and non-selective) and alpha-blockers may be required to control BR... 

The (3-blocker atenolol has received the most attention in studies of social phobia. Various reasons have pointed to using this agent over propranolol, which was the main dmg used in the early trials with nonclinical populations. Because atenolol is a polar, hydrophilic compound, it has a relatively poor ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Thus, it is thought to have less potential to cause the depressogenic effects thought to be caused by more centrally acting agents, such as propranolol. 

Depletion of peripheral amines probably accounts for much of the beneficial antihypertensive effect of reserpine, but a central component cannot be ruled out. The effects of low but clinically effective doses resemble those of centrally acting agents (eg, methyldopa) in that sympathetic reflexes remain largely intact, blood pressure is reduced in supine as well as in standing patients, and postural hypotension is mild. Reserpine readily enters the brain, and depletion of cerebral amine stores causes sedation, mental depression, and parkinsonism symptoms. 

Cardiovascular drugs Thiazide diuretics, [3-adrenoceptor antagonists, calcium channel antagonists, centrally acting agents (e.g., methyl-dopa, clonidine, reserpine, ganglion... 

Treatment with centrally acting agents is characterized by a relatively high incidence (up to 60% in some studies) of nervous system depressant effects (dizziness, drowsiness, tiredness, dry mouth, headache, depression), particularly during the initial period of treatment or after dosage increments. Sedation, lethargy, and tiredness are common with clonidine, particularly at the start of treatment (13). 

Directly acting muscle relaxants, such as dantrolene. Centrally acting agents are not effective because they ultimately act at the level of the spinal cord. 

Centrally acting agents (methyldopa, clonidine, guanabenz, guanfacine)... 

Other centrally-acting agents possessing potent antinociceptive activity include the sympathomimetic thiazine compound, xylazine (5) [24,25], and the... 

---