Cellulose Closed system

Solvent viscosity vs, concentration plots for cellulose dissolved in TFA-CH2CI2 (70/30, v/v) do not exhibit a maximum (1I,S1) in contrast to the typicid behavior of polymer liquid crystal solutions. This same behavior is exhibited by other cellulose-solvent systems (52,fiQ). Conio et al. (59) si gest that due to the close proximity of the cholesteric mesophase to its solubility limit, it is only observed in a metastable condition. 

In a closed system the pressure increase follow s first order kinetics and mirrors the formation of carboxylic acid content (see F%ure 2). When the oxidation reaction is conducted under oxygen pressure in a closed system, the niulc oxide is oxidized back to nitrogen dioxide. Oxygen becomes the principal oxidant with the nitrogen dioxide acting only as a catalyst. However, some crosslinking of the oxidized cellulose... 

In a partition system the stationary phase is a liquid coated onto a solid support (p. 97). Silica gel, kieselguhr (diatomaceous earth) or cellulose powder are the most frequently used. Conditions closely resemble those of counter-current distribution so that in the absence of adsorption by the solid support, solutes move through the system at rates determined by their... 

The stimulation of the synthesis of the cellulase system of T. reesei QM 9414 by sophorose was established as shown by the results of experiments summarized in Table IV. Other than sophorose, of the glycosides and oligosaccharides tested, only lactose caused even a limited production of the enzymes of the cellulase system. Lactose is not as closely related structurally to sophorose as is, for example, the disaccharide laminaribiose it is more closely related structurally to cellobiose, which, despite being the major product of cellulose breakdown, does not promote enzyme production under the conditions of this experiment. It was noted that both intra- and extracellular constitutive enzyme levels produced by cells growing on glucose (or by resting cells without inducer, Table IV) are less than 0.5% of the fully induced levels and thus are negligible. 

Some of these handsheets were then aged at 90° C in a closed cell system devised by Gear and MacClaren (unpublished work). The data were not conclusive, and it will be necessary to repeat the work under rigidly controlled conditions. This work is in progress. It is anticipated that the interaction of metals with cellulose and the performance of some of the products of these interactions with respect to deacidification and to stability toward accelerated aging will be the subject of a subsequent report. 

---