Cell signaling, adenylyl cyclase

Linder JU, Schultz JOB (2003) The Class III adenylyl cyclases multi-purpose signalling modules. Cell Signal 15 1081-1089... 

Tsu et al. [57] have reported that Gz can reconstitute 8 receptor coupling to adenylyl cyclase in HEK 293 cells after pertussis toxin treatment and studies by Law and Reisine [73] have shown that Gz can physically associate with the cloned 8 receptor. Tsu et al. [57] have also shown that Gz can couple the cloned 8 receptor to phospholipase C, providing a potential dual role of this pertussis toxin-insensitive G protein in 8 receptor signaling. 

While the schemes for regulation are hypothetical, certain features do suggest different patterns of regulation of cAMP formation in cells that are consistent with the different forms of adenylyl cyclase expressed in the cell, or their phenotype. For example, in cells that contain AC1, AC3 or AC8 (Fig. 21-4A), cAMP formation would be stimulated by extracellular signals that activate receptors coupled to Gas as well as by those signals that increase Ca2+ entry into the cells. Neurons expressing AC1 may... 

Xu Z, Seidler FJ, et al (2002) Adolescent nicotine administration alters serotonin receptors and cell signaling mediated through adenylyl cyclase. Brain Res 951(2) 280-292 Xu Z, Seidler FJ, et al (2003) Sex-selective hippocampal alterations after adolescent nicotine administration effects on neurospeciflc proteins. Nicotine Tob Res 5(6) 955-960 YUmaz O, Kanit L, et al (1997) Effects of nicotine on active avoidance learning in rats sex differences, Behav Pharmacol 8(2-3) 253-260... 

Cell signaling. Environmental tobacco smoke, administered to rats during gestation, the early neonatal period, or both, elicited induction of total adenylyl cyclase. In the brain, the specific coupling of p-adren-ergic receptors to adenylyl cyclase was inhibited in the smoke-treated groups, despite... 

NT208 Slotkin, T. A., K. E. Pinkerton, M. C. Garofolo, J. T. Auman, E. C. McCook, and F. J. Seidler. Perinatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke induces adenylyl cyclase and alters receptor-mediated cell signaling in brain and heart of neonatal rats. Brain Res 2001 898(1) 73-81. 

The cooperation of the different regulatory signals that may have an effect on adenylyl cyclase is not yet imderstood. Due to the existence of different subtypes of adenylyl cyclase and their various regulation patterns, it is assumed that the individual subtypes have specific roles in different cell compartments, cells and tissues, and are each subject to defined regulatory processes. 

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