Cell printing pattern

In Mercuri etal. (2001a, b) Graftech proposed an evolved notional fuel cell design, which tackles the topic of even less platinum utilisation, via a printing pattern for platinum, as opposed to an even spread. See Figure 6.2. 

Sakurai K, Teramura Y, Iwata H (2011) Cells immobilized on patterns printed in DNA by an inkjet printer. Biomaterials 32 3596-3602... 

Microelectrode arrays containing AChE were also utilised within a flow injection system [40]. A system was developed where a sample was separated and flushed simultaneously through eight cells, each containing a screen-printed electrode and fitted with a separate bespoke mini-potentiostat (Fig. 15.3). This allowed multiple measurements to be made on a single water sample using multiple electrodes, each specific for a different pesticide due to inclusions of different AChE mutants in each of the electrodes. Pattern-recognition software could then be utilised to deduce the pesticide levels in a potentially complex sample. 

Thiebaud, P., Lauer, L., Knoll, W., Offenhausser, A., PDMS device for patterned application of microfluids to neuronal cells arranged by microcontact printing. Biosens. Bioelectronics 2002, 17, 87-93. 

Microcontact printing (pCP, see Fig. 10 for an example) has been used for the spatially resolved modification of gold, silver, or titanium surfaces with SAMs of methyl-terminated alkanethiolates, which favor protein adsorption [99-101], Backfilling around the patterned protein-attractive islands was performed by a subsequent self-assembly of an ethylene-glycol-terminated alkanethiol. In a next step, the hydrophobic methyl-terminated SAMs were covered by adsorbed FN or other cell-adhesion-mediating proteins. 

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