Caustic alkali liquid

PROPER SHIPPING NAME Caustic Alkali Liquids, n.o.s. 

DOT MARKING Caustic Alkali Liquids, n.o.s. (Diethylenetriamine, Ethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether, Sodium Hydroxide) UN 1719... 

Bulylamine (CAS 109-73-9) Caustic alkali. Liquid highly Irritating to eyes and skin upon direct contact severe burns may result. Vapors highly irritating to eyes and respiratory tract. May cause histamine release. 

With the exception of fonnamide, which is a viscid liquid, the 111.ijonly of these c ompoLinds arc crysttdlinc solids. The lowci members aie soluble m water, and they all dissolve in alcohol or ether. Many of them distil without decomposition Thc aic nciitial substances uniting with both mineral acids and. 1 few of them with caustic alkalis and alkaline alcoholates to loim compounds which arc rapidly decomposed by water. 

It is in its behaviour to caustic alkalis that zirconium shows itself to be superior to those other elements of Groups IV and V whose resistance to corrosion results primarily from an ability to form surface films. Thus, in contrast to tantalum, niobium and titanium, zirconium is virtually completely resistant to concentrated caustic solutions at high temperatures, and it is only slightly attacked in fused alkalis. Resistance to liquid sodium is good. Zirconium is thus an excellent material of construction for sections of chemical plant demanding alternate contact with hot strong acids and hot strong alkalis—a unique and valuable attribute. 

Immersion heaters. An immersion heater consisting of a radiant heater encased in a silica sheath, is useful for the direct heating of most acids and other liquids (except hydrofluoric acid and concentrated caustic alkalis). Infrared radiation passes through the silica sheath with little absorption, so that a large proportion of heat is transferred to the liquid by radiation. The heater is almost unaffected by violent thermal shock due to the low coefficient of thermal expansion of the silica. 

Must be inhibited Colourless, partially water soluble liquid Experimental carcinogen Polymerizes violently with organic peroxides or concentrated caustic alkalis... 

Acetates may also be prepared by adding acetic anhydride to somewhat dilute solutions of compounds containing hydroxyl (or amino) groups in aqueous caustic alkalis. The amount of alkali used should suffice to leave the liquid slightly basic at the end of the operation, so much ice should be added that a little remains unmelted, and the acetic anhydride should be added quickly. 

Acrylonitrile (Vinyl cyanide, propenenitrile) CH2 CHCN 0 481 3.0-17.0 0.8 1.8 77 Colourless, partially water soluble liquid Experimental carcinogen Polymerizes violently with organic peroxides or concentrated caustic alkalis Highly toxic Usually inhibited... 

The fluorocarbons are resistant to the action of strong acids and aqueous alkalis they are non-inflammable and attacked only by such reagents as fused caustic alkalis. The plastic teflon is polymerized C2F4 (cf. polythene which is polymerized C2H4) and is made into tubing, or into sheets to act as linings for vessels required to withstand corrosion. The liquid fluorocarbons ( fluorolubes ) are used where hydrocarbon oils would be attacked, and their non-inflammability makes them particularly useful. 

The metal dissolves in dilute and concentrated mineral acids. Evaporation crystallizes salts. At ordinary temperatures, ytterbium, similar to other rare earth metals, is corroded slowly by caustic alkalies, ammonium hydroxide, and sodium nitrate solutions. The metal dissolves in liquid ammonia forming a deep blue solution. 

Non-alkaline liquid accelerators are fairly new to the international market, therefore the bibliography on their use is still scarce. They were conceived to solve some classical problems stemming from the use of alkaline accelerators, such as caustic alkalis, hazardous conditions in underground work, risk of alkali-aggregate reaction, risk of handling conventional accelerators with extremely high pH level, and reduction of latter-age strength. 

OB to C02 —11.7% very volatile, toxic liquid with irritating odor sp gr 1.468 at 18°, mp — not given, bp 120—122° at 17mm and 103° at 15mm decomp at 185° with evoln of brown fumes and chars at 260° sol in w distills with vapors of w ale being si acidic, it dissolves in cold caustic alkali solns, giving a yellow color. It was first prepd in 1920 by Wieland Sakellarios (Refs 1 3) from the same kind of oil as was obtd by Kekule in 1869 (Refs 1 2) on passing ethylene into a mixture of coned nitric and sulfuric acid. 

We suggest that there are at least two reasons for the enhanced catalytic activity of caustic alkalis in liquid ammonia and alcoholates in ethylenediamine (1), formation of a hydrogen bond between the base... 

Other experimental reproducdve effects. Human systemic effects by inhalation respirator ", nose, and eyes. Human mutation data reported. A skin and eye irritant. A sensitizer. Flammable liquid when exposed to heat or flame. Explosive reaction with aniline. Reaction with trichloroethylene forms the explosive dichloroacetylene. Ignition on contact with potassium tert-butoxide. Violent reaction with sulfuric acid or isopropylamine. Exothermic polyTTierization on contact with strong acids, caustic alkalies, aluminum, aluminum chloride, iron(III) chloride, or zinc. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cr. 

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