Catalytic yields from hydrotreated

Figure 4. Catalytic cracking yields from hydrotreated feeds. Shale oil arm Arabian Light vacuum gas oil at 975°F (O), shale oil containing 870 ppm N (0), shale oil containing 385 ppm N.

The performance analysis and product analysis results confirm previous findings (3,8) that hydrotreating improves the quality of catalytic cracker feedstock and the resultant products. In addition, it was shown that the quality of the liquid products and the yields of the coke and the heavy cycle oil (HCO) from cracking of the severely hydrotreated feedstock (WM-2-9) were independent of the conditions of the cracking process. These results imply that there exists a degree of pretreatment hydrotreating above which... 

Once the synthetic crude oils from coal and oil shale have been upgraded and the heavy ends converted to lighter distillates, further refining by existing processes need not be covered in detail except to note the essential character of the products. The paraffinic syncrude from oil shale yields middle distillates which are excellent jet and diesel fuel stocks. The principal requirements are removal of nitrogen to the extent necessary for good thermal stability of the fuels and adjustment of cut points to meet required pour or freeze points, limited by the presence of waxy straight-chain paraffins. The heavy naphtha from shale oil can be further hydrotreated and catalytically reformed to acceptable octane number, but with considerable loss of volume because of the only moderate content of cyclic hydrocarbons, typically 45-50%. On the other... 

---