Catalysts energies

Opportunity for aqueous-phase reactions Non-toxic, low hazard catalysts Energy-efficient reactions under moderate conditions of pH, temperature, etc. Possibility for carrying out sequential one-pot syntheses... 

Matsukata, M., Matsushita, T., and Ueyama, K., A circulating fluidized bed CH4 reformer Performance of supported Ni catalysts, Energy Fuels, 9, 822,1995. 

Li, Y. et al., Simultaneous production of hydrogen and nanocarbon from decomposition of methane on nickel-based catalyst, Energy Fuel, 14,1188, 2000. 

Yates, I. C., and Satterfield, C. N. 1991. Intrinsic kinetics of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on a cobalt catalyst. Energy Fuels 5 168-73. 

O Brien, R.J., Xu, L., Spicer, R.L., and Davis, B.H. 1996. Activation study of precipitated iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts. Energy Fuels 10 921-26. 

Schanke, D., Hilmen, A.M., Bergene, E., Kinnari, K., Rytter, E., Adnanes, E., and Holmen, A. 1996. Reoxidation and deactivation of supported cobalt Fischer-Tropsch catalysts. Energy Fuels 10 867-72. 

D. Schanke, A. M. Hilmen, E. Bergene, K. Kinnari, E. Rytter, E. Adnanes and A. Holmen, Reoxidation and Deactivation of Supported Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts, Energy Fuels, 1996, 10, 867-872. 

Figure 2 depicts a typical manufacturing facility. Inputs to the facility include raw materials to produce the saleable product(s), water, air, solvents, catalysts, energy, etc. Outputs from the facility are the saleable product(s), waste energy, and gaseous, liquid, water, and solid wastes. In contrast, a manufacturing facility with an absolute minimum (but not zero) amount of waste being generated is shown in Fig. 3. Inputs to the facility include only the raw...

Oxy Vinyls LP Ethylene dichloride (EDC) Ethylene and chlorine High temperature direct chlorination with catalyst, energy efficient. 8 2000... 

Figure 6.20 B3LYP/6-31 l+G(2df,p)//B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) energies (in kcal mol" ) for the reaction of acetone and acetaldehyde with (5)-proline as catalysts. Energies in DMSO (Onsager model) are in italics below the gas-phase energies.

Liu, H., Yuan, J., and Shangguan, W., Photochemical Reduction and Oxidation of Water Including Sacrificial Reagents and Pt/Ti02 Catalyst, Energy Fuels, 20(6), 2289-92, 2006. 

Y. H. Lin, P. N. Sharratt, A. A. Garforth, and J. Dwyer, Catalytic Conversion of Polyolefins to Chemicals and Fuels over Various Cracking Catalysts, Energy and Fuels, 12, 767-774 (1998). 

T. Isoda, T. Nakahara, K. Kusakabe, and S. Morooka, Catalytic Cracking of Polyethylene-Liquefied Oil over Amorphous Aluminosilicate Catalysts, Energy and Fuels, 12, 1161-1167 (1998). 

Saito, M., Takeuchi, M., Watanabe, T., Toyir, J., Luo, S., Wu, J. (1997). Methanol synthesis from COj and Hj over a Cu/ZnO-based multicomponent catalyst. Energy Conversion Management 38, S403-S408. 

Varhegyi G., Antal M. J. Jr., Szekely T., Till F., Jakab E. and Szabo P. Simultaneous Thetmogravimetric-mass spectrometric studies of tbe thermal decon sition of biopolymers. 2. sugar cane bagasse in the presence and absence of catalysts. Energy Fuels, 2, 273-7... 

Murata, K., Wang, L., Saito, M., Inaba, M., Takahara, I., and Minura, N. Hydrogen production from steam reforming of hydrocarbon oven alkaline-earth metal modified Fe- or Ni-based catalysts. Energy Fuels, 2004, 18, 122. 

Cavallaro, S. Ethanol steam reforming on Rh/Al203 catalysts. Energy Fuels, 2000, 14 (6), 1195. 

Farag, H., Sakanishi, K. Mochida, I., and Whitehurst, D.D. Kinetic analyses and inhibition by naphthalene and H2S in hydrodesulfurization of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) over CoMo-based carbon catalyst. Energy Fuels, 1999, 13, 449. 

The process just described may also be operated at somewhat lower pressures and temperatures than outlined by using some of the more recent copper-based catalysts. Energy saved by doing this achieves some production economies. It is also possible, with an extra mole of hydrogen, to produce methanol from carbon dioxide (Eq. 19.17). 

Isoda, T. Nagao, S. Ma, X. Korai, Y. Mochida, I. Hydrodesulfurization of refractory sulfur species. 1. Selective hydrodesulfurization of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene in the major presence of naphthalene over C0M0/AI2O3 and RU/AI2O3 blend catalysts. Energy Fuels 1996, 10, 482-486. 

Le Van Mao, R. and McLaughlin, G. P. Conversion of light alcohols to hydrocarbons over ZSM-5 zeolite and asbestos-derived zeolite catalysts, Energy and Fuels 3 620-624 (1989). 

J. Sanchez, M. F. Tallafigo, M. A. Gilarranz, and F. Rodriguez, Refining Heavy Neutral Oil Paraffin by Catalytic Hydrotreatment Over Ni-W/Al203 Catalysts, Energy and Fuels 20 245-249, 2006. 

H Takagi, T Isoda, K Kusakabe, S Morooka. Effects of solvents on the hydrogenation of mono-aromatic compounds using noble-metal catalysts. Energy Fuels 13 1191-1196,1999. 

ADVISOR Advanced Vehicle Simulator CESI Catalystic Energy Systems, Inc. 

Hirai, T N. Ikenaga T. Miyake T. Suzuki. Production of hydrogen by steam reforming of glycerin on ruthenium catalyst. Energy Fuels 2005, 19, 1761—1762. 

It is found that the dissociation of chlorine and bromine is greatly accelerated by the presence of He, Ar and Xe Since the increase in the dissociation rate was associated with a decrease of E/p it cannot be explained by an increase of the average electron energy. Consequently, it has been proposed that the noble gas atoms in their metastable states behave as energy catalysts. Energy catalysis is fairly effective only when the metastable atom X gives up almost all its energy on collision with the molecule M2 ... 

P. Kumar, R. Idem, A comparative study of copper-promoted water-gas-shift (WGS) catalysts. Energy Euel 21 (2007) 522-529. 

A. Haryanto, S. D. Fernando, S. D. FUipTo, P. H. Steele, L. Pordesimo, S. Adhikari, Hydrogen production through the water-gas shift reaction thermodynamic equilibrium versus experimental results over supported Ni catalysts. Energy Fuel 23 (2009) 3097-3102. 

Weingarten R, Conner WC, Huber GW (2012) Production of levulinic acid from cellulose by hydrothermal dectnnposition combined with aqueous phase dehydration with a solid acid catalyst. Energy linviron Sta 5(6) 7559-7574... 

Scheme 7.11 CO-promoted decomposition pathways of second-generation ruthenium catalysts. Energies (in kcalmoh ) were computed with BP86/SDD-SVP with CPM solvation model in CEIjClj [56].

Hydrogen production from steam reforming of hydrocarbons over alkaline-earth metal-modified Fe- or Ni-based catalysts. Energy Fuels, 18, 122—126. 

Fu, L. and Chuang, K.T. (1989) Control of NO emissions by seiective catalytic reduction with hydrogen over hydrophobic catalysts. Energy Fuels, 3, 740-743. 

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