Catalysis encapsulation

Monomers of die type Aa B. are used in step-growth polymerization to produce a variety of polymer architectures, including stars, dendrimers, and hyperbranched polymers.26 28 The unique architecture imparts properties distinctly different from linear polymers of similar compositions. These materials are finding applications in areas such as resin modification, micelles and encapsulation, liquid crystals, pharmaceuticals, catalysis, electroluminescent devices, and analytical chemistry. 

Cornils B (1999) Modern Solvent Systems in Industrial Homogeneous Catalysis.206 133-152 Crooks RM, Lemon III BI, Yeung LK, Zhao M (2001) Dendrimer-Encapsulated Metals and Semiconductors Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications. 212 81 -135 Croteau R, see Davis EM (2000) 209 53 - 95 CurranDP, see Maul JJ (1999) 206 79-105... 

An important class of materials that originates from the precursor core-shell particles is hollow capsules. Hollow capsules (or shells ) can be routinely produced upon removal of the core material using chemical and physical methods. Much of the research conducted in the production of uniform-size hollow capsules arises from their scientific and technological interest. Hollow capsules are widely utilized for the encapsulation and controlled release of various substances (e.g., drugs, cosmetics, dyes, and inks), in catalysis and acoustic insulation, in the development of piezoelectric transducers and low-dielectric-constant materials, and for the manufacture of advanced materials [14],... 

Ikeda, S., Kobayashi, H., Ikoma, Y., Harada, T., Yamazaki, S., and Matsumura.M. (2009) Structural effects of titanium(IV) oxide encapsulated in a hollow silica shell on photocatalytic activity for gas-phase decomposition of organics. Applied Catalysis A General, 369 (1-2), 113-118. 

Extending these ideas to enzymatic catalysis, Jiang et al. reported the use of protamine-silica hybrid microcapsules in combination with a host gel-like bead structure to encapsulate several enzymes individually in the enzymatic conversion of C02 to methanol [20]. They used a layer-by-layer (LbL) method where alternately charged layers were deposited on an enzyme-containing CaC03 core. The layers, however, were not polyelectrolytes, but protamine and silica (Scheme 5.6). 

Maury, S., Buisson, P., Perrard, A. and Pierre, A.C. (2004) Influence of the sol-gel chemistry on the activity of a lipase encapsulated in a silica aerogel. Journal of Molecular Catalysis B-Enzymatic, 29, 133-148. 

Encapsulation m Chiral Recognition m Catalysis m Liquid Crystals... 

UML offers one notation to define the interface of a component (the lollipop notation). Catalysis recognizes that component technology is about the connecting together of encapsulated units. The types of these connections will vary a given component architecture will define its own types. You can define a component architecture using frameworks and then use those frameworks to compose components as diverse as workflow, event-property-method connections, and traditional objects. 

Using frameworks to define the meaning of the very modeling constructs themselves— and even to define and encapsulate known inference rules—is very similar to the approach in Larch [Guttag90], Their application to Catalysis modeling constructs, UML stereotype-based extension, and new modeling constructs and notations is described in [D Souza97a],... 

Crooks, M. et al., Dendrimer-encapsulated metal nanoparticles synthesis, characterization, and applications to catalysis, Acc. Chem. Res., 34, 181, 2001. 

Chandler BD, Gilbertson JD (2006) Dendrimer-Encapsulated BimetallicNanoparticles Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications to Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis. 20 97-120... 

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