Casting techniques, ultrathin-layer

The free floating film is transferred to a microporous support by bringing a sheet of the support into contact with the underside of the ultrathin film, lifting it from the water surface.9 Also, two layers can be simultaneously cast and laminated to a carrier web.7 8 Numerous patents have appeared in recent years on the fabrication of gas separation membranes by float-casting, even including the double layer membrane technique.10 11... 

After doping with iodine, conductivities up to 750S/cm are obtained. Substituted phthalocyanines are soluble and can be cast as films or handled by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique to give ultrathin, well-defined molecular layers. The insoluble powders can only be processed by press sintering. 

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